Reactions and mass transfer i nanostructured catalysts

纳米结构催化剂中的反应和传质

• 批准号: 194447-2010
• 负责人: McCaffrey, William
• 金额: $ 1.46万
• 依托单位: University of Alberta
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2011-01-01 至 2012-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=476677
• 关键词: Reactions; mass; transfer; nanostructured; catalysts

Multiphase reactions are ubiquitous and appear in natural systems such as atmospheric chemistry and in a wide variety of industrial applications in the fine chemical, pharmaceutical and energy industries. Things get even more complicated when large and even very large molecules are involved. Traditional approaches to transforming these types of compounds into products are far from optimum. At the heart of the problem is that in many cases, the molecules are too big to fit into the pores of the catalsyt. Undesirable reactions then occur and lessen the product yields and increase the environmental burden of the industrial process. These sorts of problems exist in both petroleum based fuels such as oilsands, and in the production of renewable fuels such as biodiesel. In my lab, we are investigating the use of nanostructured zeolite based catalysts for the production of both synthetic crude oil and biodiesel from renewable oils. While the reactions are very different, the issues for both of these systems is very similar. With the nanostructured natural zeolites, limited pore volume is generally not an issue because the active sites are on the surface of the catalyst. Due to the nature of the nanostructured catalyst, the external pore volumes can be very high and thus very active. The ultimate goal is to gain a deeper insight into how these large molecules interact with the surface of the catalyst and utilize this knowledge to improve the generation of energy related products with less impact to the environment. To be successful, we will have to synthesize three disparate components of the project: reaction kinetics, chemistry and transport processes.

多相反应是普遍存在的，并出现在自然系统中，如大气化学和各种工业应用中的精细化工，制药和能源工业。当涉及到大分子甚至非常大的分子时，事情变得更加复杂。 将这些类型的化合物转化为产品的传统方法远非最佳。 问题的核心是，在许多情况下，分子太大，无法进入催化剂的孔隙。 然后发生不期望的反应，降低产物产率并增加工业过程的环境负担。这些问题存在于石油基燃料（如油砂）和可再生燃料（如生物柴油）的生产中。 在我的实验室，我们正在研究使用纳米结构的沸石基催化剂生产合成原油和生物柴油从可再生油。虽然反应非常不同，但这两个系统的问题非常相似。 对于纳米结构的天然沸石，有限的孔体积通常不是问题，因为活性位点在催化剂的表面上。 由于纳米结构催化剂的性质，外部孔体积可以非常高，因此非常活性。最终目标是更深入地了解这些大分子如何与催化剂表面相互作用，并利用这些知识来改善对环境影响较小的能源相关产品的生产。 为了取得成功，我们必须综合该项目的三个不同组成部分：反应动力学，化学和运输过程。