Time varying modulators of spine injury mechanics and material properties of the intervertebral disc

脊柱损伤力学和椎间盘材料特性的时变调制器

• 批准号: 227638-2011
• 负责人: Callaghan, Jack
• 金额: $ 3.57万
• 依托单位: University of Waterloo
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2011-01-01 至 2012-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=478548
• 关键词: Time; varying; modulators; spine; injury

The World Health Organization has deemed low back pain one of the top three occupational health problems. Eighty percent of the population will suffer from low back pain at some point in their life making low back pain the most prevalent and costly musculoskeletal problem affecting the general population of Canada. Evidence suggests that the primary cause of low back pain is through mechanical exposure associated with everyday activities and industrial tasks. While tasks involving heavy lifting are often linked with low back pain, seemingly sedentary tasks such as prolonged standing or sitting have also been associated with low back pain. Sitting and standing are common activities in the workplace and the time spent in these postures is increasing due to automation and increasing computer usage. The overall objective of this research program is to assess the role of daily loading exposures in the generation of low back tissue damage and pain. The causes of injury initiation and progression in the structures of the spine (e.g. the intervertebral disc) due to chronic exposure will be investigated. Studies examining the demands on the low back of individuals when performing sedentary tasks will be combined with investigations at the tissue level to assess time-dependent responses of spinal tissues and the resulting injury potential. A solid understanding of the injury mechanisms associated with mechanical loading is critical for injury prevention, as the biological repair mechanisms in the intervertebral disc are slow due to the lack of blood supply to this structure. The ability of the spinal tissues to repair themselves can easily be outpaced by injury deterioration once the first stage of an injury to the intervertebral disc has occurred. The outcomes from this research will provide time dependent tissue material properties that are currently unavailable and are a limiting factor in the understanding and modeling of intervertebral and low back injuries. Ultimately, the linking of cumulative or chronic exposure with potential pain generation would be a powerful and novel contribution in developing methods to assess daily loading and set threshold limits or exposure standards to prevent injuries.

世界卫生组织将腰痛列为三大职业健康问题之一。百分之八十的人口将遭受腰痛在某些时候在他们的生活使腰痛最普遍和昂贵的肌肉骨骼问题影响加拿大的一般人口。有证据表明，腰痛的主要原因是通过与日常活动和工业任务相关的机械暴露。虽然涉及举重的任务通常与腰痛有关，但长期站立或坐着等看似久坐的任务也与腰痛有关。坐着和站着是工作场所中常见的活动，由于自动化和计算机使用的增加，这些姿势所花费的时间正在增加。这项研究计划的总体目标是评估日常负荷暴露在产生下背部组织损伤和疼痛中的作用。将研究由于长期暴露导致脊柱结构（例如椎间盘）损伤开始和进展的原因。在进行久坐任务时，对个人下背部需求的研究将与组织水平的调查相结合，以评估脊柱组织的时间依赖性反应和由此产生的损伤潜力。对与机械负荷相关的损伤机制的深入了解对于损伤预防至关重要，因为椎间盘中的生物修复机制由于缺乏对该结构的血液供应而缓慢。一旦发生椎间盘损伤的第一阶段，脊柱组织的自我修复能力很容易被损伤恶化所超越。这项研究的结果将提供目前不可用的时间依赖性组织材料特性，这些特性是椎间和腰部损伤理解和建模的限制因素。最终，累积或慢性暴露与潜在疼痛产生的联系将是一个强大的和新的贡献，在开发方法，以评估每日负荷和设定阈值限制或暴露标准，以防止伤害。