Efficacy of hydrothermal reactors, enzymes and additives to increase the utilization and safety of canola meal for livestock

水热反应器（HTR）使用水分和受控温度（50至> 100 ℃）来减少成分中的抗营养因子（ANF）和病原体，并提高动物饲料中营养素的利用率。HTR在油籽的调理期间用于增加油的产率，破坏ANF并用于脱溶（去除溶剂）粉。在饲料生产中，水热处理仅持续较短的时间（通常小于60秒，在制粒饲料之前）。该项目将使用实验台HTR来评估不同来源的卡诺拉种子和/或粗粉（包括诸如船体（纤维）或蛋白质分离物的级分）作为与水、酶（例如植酸酶、糖酶和/或蛋白酶）、酸化剂和其他添加剂（例如，乳化剂、表面活性剂和/或颗粒粘合剂）在不同温度下不同时间（即，~30分钟）。将监测成品的进料值的变化（例如，氨基酸、能量和矿物质的可用性）; ANF的减少（例如，植酸盐、纤维、芥子油苷和酶抑制剂）;减少病原体和抵抗再污染（即，使用有机酸优化pH和保存饲料）;和改善饲料的功能性质（即，颗粒质量）。食用油菜籽粉的不同类别的牲畜将受益于不同的治疗，这些治疗将在肉鸡中得到验证。所有测量结果都将用于评估NIR（近红外反射光谱）预测加工和添加剂要求以及保持质量控制的能力。 根据本研究的结果，其他饲料成分（例如，DDGS（含可溶物的干酒糟，乙醇工业的副产品）、饲料谷物、豆类/豆类、脂肪来源和牧草）将被提议进行类似评价。将评估饲料和/或破碎行业的应用成本。

Hydrothermal reactors (HTR) use moisture and controlled temperatures (50 to >100C) to reduce antinutritional factors (ANFs) and pathogens in ingredients and increase the utilization of nutrients in animal feed. HTRs are employed during conditioning of oilseeds to increase yield of oil, destroying ANFs and for desolventizing (remove solvents) the meal. In feed production, hydrothermal treatments are only for short duration (typically less than 60 sec, prior to pelleting diets). The project will use lab-bench HTRs to evaluate different sources of canola seed and/or meal (including fractions such as hull (fibre) or protein isolates) as a substrate mixed with combinations of water, enzymes (e.g. phytase, carbohydrases and/or proteases), acidifiers and other additives (e.g., emulsifiers, surfactants and/or pellet binders) at different temperatures for different periods of time (i.e., ~30 min).The finished product will be monitored for the changes in feed value (e.g., availability of amino acids, energy and minerals); reduction of ANFs (e.g., phytate, fibre, glucosinolates, and enzyme inhibitors); reduction of pathogens and resistance to recontamination (i.e., use of organic acids to optimize pH and preserve feed); and improved functional properties of feed (i.e., pellet quality). The different classes of livestock consuming canola meal will benefit from different treatments and these will be validated in broiler chickens. All measurements will be used in estimating the capability of NIR (Near Infrared Reflectance spectroscopy) to predict processing and additive requirements as well as for maintaining quality control. Based on the outcome of this study other feed ingredients (e.g., DDGS (Distillers Dried Grain with Solubles, a by-product of ethanol industry), feed grains, legumes/ pulses, fat sources, and forages) would be proposed for similar evaluation. Costs of applications by feed and/or crushing industries will be evaluated.