Removal and fate of endocrine disrupting chemicals in membrane bioreactors

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The integrated utilization of biological reactors and membrane filtration devices (MBRs) holds great potential for wastewater treatment and environmental reclamation, as they are able to produce high quality water while treating high organic strength wastewater. A number of very promising areas of application of MBRs, however, remain largely unexplored and require further investigation. These include treatment of wastewater from livestock operations and food processing industries, and removal of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), personal care products, and pesticides. Future, stricter discharge standards for these groups of chemicals will drive the implementation of technologies that are able to reduce their concentrations to regulated levels. New wastewater treatment technologies, which can be integrated into various treatment sequences and novel process streams, will need to be developed and evaluated for these applications.