Chromatin and gene organization during spermatogenesis and early developement: An evolutionary perspective

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Spermatogenesis is a cell differentiation process leading to the formation of the male gametes (spermatozoa). The deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of sperm cells is associated with a set of highly basic proteins called protamines. This contrasts the rest of the body, including eggs, in which the DNA is associated with a broad spectrum of nuclear proteins such as core histones, linker histones and non-histone proteins. In both instances, the resulting protein-DNA complexes are called chromatin.