Polar meteorological and snow measurements of winter extreme events / Mesures de neige et météorologiques des évênements extêmes hivernaux des régions polaires

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Geophysical and thermophysical properties of snow are known to be sensitive to climate variability and change and are of primary importance for hydrological and climatological process simulations, especially in the northern hemisphere where 40% of the land surface is influenced by seasonal snow. Of particular relevance, the first and strongest signs of global climate variability and change have been observed in northern regions over the past three decades which has led to a variety of strong climate related feedbacks such as winter extreme events (WEE). The increased occurrence of WEE has to be addressed in further detail for arctic and subarctic regions; however, a significant lack of field measurements in remote northern regions affects the climate models' performances while limiting the validation and development capacities of these models.