Polar meteorological and snow measurements of winter extreme events / Mesures de neige et météorologiques des évênements extêmes hivernaux des régions polaires

冬季极端事件的极地气象和雪测量 / Mesures de neige et météorologiques des évànements extàmes hivernaux des régions polaires

• 批准号: 439313-2013
• 负责人: Langlois, Alexandre
• 金额: $ 1.93万
• 依托单位: Université de Sherbrooke
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Research Tools and Instruments - Category 1 (<$150,000)
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2012-01-01 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=507532
• 关键词: Polar; meteorological; snow; measurements; winter

Geophysical and thermophysical properties of snow are known to be sensitive to climate variability and change and are of primary importance for hydrological and climatological process simulations, especially in the northern hemisphere where 40% of the land surface is influenced by seasonal snow. Of particular relevance, the first and strongest signs of global climate variability and change have been observed in northern regions over the past three decades which has led to a variety of strong climate related feedbacks such as winter extreme events (WEE). The increased occurrence of WEE has to be addressed in further detail for arctic and subarctic regions; however, a significant lack of field measurements in remote northern regions affects the climate models' performances while limiting the validation and development capacities of these models.

众所周知，雪的地球物理和热物理性质对气候变化和变化非常敏感，对于水文和气候过程模拟具有重要意义，特别是在北半球，那里40%的陆地表面受到季节性积雪的影响。特别重要的是，在过去30年中，在北部地区观察到了全球气候变化和变化的最早和最强烈的迹象，这导致了各种与气候有关的强烈反馈，如冬季极端事件(WEE)。对于北极和亚北极地区，必须更详细地处理弱湿热现象增加的问题；然而，在偏远的北部地区严重缺乏实地测量影响了气候模型的性能，同时限制了这些模型的验证和开发能力。