Biotransformation of environment contaminants in biota

环境污染物在生物群中的生物转化

• 批准号: 138733-2010
• 负责人: Bandiera, Stelvio
• 金额: $ 2.55万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2013-01-01 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=522470
• 关键词: Biotransformation; environment; contaminants; biota

The environment is a top priority for Canadians. More specifically, Canadians are concerned about the presence of chemical contaminants in their bodies and the health effects of these contaminants. In my research program, we are studying the metabolism, fate, and toxicity of two major classes of contaminants, namely polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). These chemicals are persistent, accumulate in food chains, and have been detected at relatively high levels in tissues from humans and wildlife. The main route for the metabolism and subsequent elimination of these chemicals in humans and other animals starts with hydroxylation reactions. The reactions occur in the liver and are catalyzed by family of enzymes called the cytochrome P450 enzymes. Building on work conducted during the tenure of my current NSERC grant, we will use recently developed assays to measure the rate and extent of metabolism of PCBs and PBDEs in humans and various wildlife species. We will also study the toxic effects of the hydroxy-metabolites produced. Increased understanding of the metabolism of chemical contaminants is important for evaluating possible mechanisms of toxicity and for assessing an organism's capacity to accumulate or eliminate these contaminants. This information will provide a measure of how well humans and wildlife are able to cope with contaminant exposure and will help define a threshold between tolerable and intolerable levels of contaminant exposure. It may also be useful in predicting which species might be most at risk. This research is relevant to all Canadians, and especially those exposed to high levels of PBDEs or PCBs via diet, workplace or other environmental factors.

环境是加拿大人的头等大事。更具体地说，加拿大人担心他们体内存在化学污染物以及这些污染物对健康的影响。在我的研究项目中，我们正在研究两大类污染物的代谢、命运和毒性，即多溴联苯醚（PBDEs）和多氯联苯（PCBs）。这些化学物质具有持久性，在食物链中积累，并且在人类和野生动物的组织中检测到相对较高的水平。人类和其他动物体内这些化学物质的代谢和随后的消除的主要途径是从羟基化反应开始的。这些反应发生在肝脏中，由细胞色素P450酶家族催化。在我目前获得NSERC资助期间所进行的工作的基础上，我们将使用最近开发的分析方法来测量人类和各种野生动物体内多氯联苯和多溴二苯醚的代谢速率和程度。我们还将研究产生的羟基代谢物的毒性作用。增加对化学污染物代谢的了解对于评估可能的毒性机制和评估生物体积累或消除这些污染物的能力非常重要。这一信息将提供衡量人类和野生动物应对污染物暴露的能力，并将有助于确定可容忍和不可容忍的污染物暴露水平之间的阈值。它在预测哪些物种可能面临最大风险方面也很有用。这项研究与所有加拿大人有关，特别是那些通过饮食、工作场所或其他环境因素暴露于高水平多溴二苯醚或多氯联苯的人。