Aquifer-wetland connections : natural processes and anthropogenic impacts

更好地了解湿地-含水层的相互作用及其如何应对人为和气候压力，是加强水管理和提高近地表水水库长期复原力的关键之一。这项研究计划的长期目标是提高含水层湿地连接的知识，以确定设置在湿地重大和不可逆转的变化水文触发。其目标是：（1）确定在地方和区域尺度上含水层-湿地相互作用的参数和过程;（2）量化人为压力和气候变化对湿地的影响。在专题一中，将通过实地测量影响和反映水流状况的参数和变量，更全面地了解蓄水层-湿地交换机制。将建立一个大型湿地网络，在加拿大南部环境中发现的典型水文地质环境（河岸和孤立的湿地，地下水喂养的泥炭地）收集综合数据集。一种新的方法来限制含水层湿地交换过程将开发通过结合使用天然水示踪剂。简单的二维模拟将用于推断湿地在区域尺度上的作用。在专题II中，水文压力对含水层-湿地相互作用的影响将被量化。这涉及到通过一个完全耦合的地表-地下水流模型的全球敏感性分析，确定控制蓄水层-湿地交换的过程。该模型还将用于确定湿地主要水文变化的触发因素。将开发一个简单的水收支模型，并确定水文生态关系。这项研究计划有可能彻底改变地下水和湿地的管理方式，并帮助维持其长期的恢复能力。它将为理解水文学与关键生态过程之间的联系设定一个基线。这项研究计划的影响还包括HQP的形成（1 PDF，3博士，3硕士和2理学士学生）。

A better understanding of wetland-aquifer interactions and how they respond to anthropogenic and climate stresses is one of the keys for enhancing water management and for the long term resilience of near-surface water reservoirs. The long-term goal of this research program is to enhance knowledge of aquifer-wetland connections in order to identify the hydrological triggers that set major and irreversible changes in wetlands. Its objectives to: (1) identify parameters and processes responsible for aquifer-wetland interactions at the local and regional scales and (2) quantify the impact of anthropogenic pressure and climate change on wetlands. In Theme I, a more complete understanding of aquifer-wetland exchange mechanisms will be achieved through field measurements of parameters and variables affecting and reflecting flow conditions. A large wetland network will be built to collect integrated data sets in locations typical of the hydrogeologic settings found in southern Canada environments (riparian and isolated wetlands, groundwater-fed peatlands). A novel approach to constrain aquifer-wetland exchange processes will be developed through the combined use of natural water tracers. Simple 2D simulations will be used to extrapolate the role of wetlands at the regional scale. In Theme II, the impact of hydrological stresses on aquifer-wetland interactions will be quantified. This involves identifying the processes controlling aquifer-wetland exchanges through a global sensitivity analysis of a fully-coupled surface-groundwater flow model. This model will also be used to identify the triggers that set major hydrologicall changes in wetlands. A simple water budget model will be developed and hydro-ecological relationships will be identified. This research program has the potential to drastically change the way groundwater and wetlands are managed together and help sustain their long term resilience. It will set a baseline for the understanding of the linkage between hydrology and key ecological processes. The impact of this research program also includes the formation of HQP (1 PDF, 3 PhD, 3 MSc and 2 BSc students).