Transport and Metabolism in Fish

鱼类的运输和代谢

• 批准号: 473-2012
• 负责人: Wood, Christopher
• 金额: $ 10.85万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2014-01-01 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=543875
• 关键词: Transport; Metabolism; Fish

This application opens new frontiers in a long term research program aimed at understanding the mechanisms involved in the transport and metabolism of nutrients, wastes, ions, acid-base equivalents, and respiratory gases in fish, and how these processes are modified by environmental conditions and phylogeny. Mechanisms are analyzed at molecular, cellular, organ system, whole animal, and behavioral levels simultaneously. A comparative approach is used with respect to organisms (trout, killifish, oscars, sharks, lungfish, hagfish) and stressors (NH3, O2, CO2, salinity, exercise, feeding). The four main areas are: (i) the physiology of ammonia and urea metabolism; (ii) the previously overlooked role of the skin in ionoregulation, acid-base regulation, N-waste excretion and feeding; (iii) the key contributions of passive transport processes (i.e. permeability regulation) in ionoregulation and osmoregulation; and (iv) aspects of euryhalinity which have previously received little attention. Particular projects focus on the control of gene expression of ammonia-transporting Rh proteins, the functions of ammonia as a respiratory gas, its interaction with O2 and CO2, and the role of the intestine in N-metabolism in trout and sharks. The partitioning of exchange processes between skin and gills in trout, and the importance of transport through the skin in two ancient fish of key phylogenetic importance, the Agnathan hagfish and the Dipnoan lungfish, will be examined, together with the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved. The contributions of transcellular versus paracellular permeability regulation to the osmo-respiratory compromise at the gills and to water absorption at the gut will be evaluated in trout and killifish, together with a critical assessment of the relationship between paracellular permeability and transepithelial resistance. The contributions of electro-physiological events, volume regulation, and behavior to euryhalinity will be examined in these same species. Overall, this program will train 3 PDFs, 5 Ph.D.'s, 3 M.Sc.'s, and 15 undergraduates in innovative areas of integrative physiology. It will also underpin a parallel applied program in aquatic toxicology, aquaculture, and environmental management.

这一应用开辟了长期研究计划的新领域，旨在了解鱼类营养物质，废物，离子，酸碱当量和呼吸气体的运输和代谢机制，以及这些过程如何被环境条件和繁殖所改变。同时在分子、细胞、器官系统、整个动物和行为水平上分析机制。比较的方法是使用相对于生物（鳟鱼，鳉鱼，奥斯卡，鲨鱼，肺鱼，盲鳗）和压力（NH3，O2，CO2，盐度，运动，喂养）。这四个主要领域是：（i）氨和尿素代谢的生理学;（ii）以前被忽视的皮肤在离子调节、酸碱调节、氮废物排泄和摄食中的作用;（iii）被动运输过程（即渗透性调节）在离子调节和呼吸调节中的关键作用;（iv）以前很少受到关注的广盐性方面。具体项目集中在氨转运Rh蛋白的基因表达的控制，氨作为呼吸气体的功能，其与O2和CO2的相互作用，以及肠道在鳟鱼和鲨鱼的N-代谢中的作用。皮肤和鳃之间的交换过程在鳟鱼的分区，并通过皮肤的运输在两个古老的鱼类的重要性，Agnathan八目鳗和Dipnoan肺鱼的重要性，将检查，连同所涉及的分子和细胞机制。跨细胞与细胞旁的渗透性调节的鳃和水的吸收在肠道的呼吸系统的妥协的贡献将在鳟鱼和鳉鱼，连同细胞旁的渗透性和跨上皮电阻之间的关系的关键评估进行评估。在这些相同的物种中，将检查电生理事件，容量调节和行为对广盐性的贡献。总体而言，该计划将培养3名PDF，5名博士。3 M.Sc.和15名本科生在创新领域的综合生理学。它还将支持在水生毒理学，水产养殖和环境管理的平行应用程序。