Transport and Metabolism in Fish

鱼类的运输和代谢

• 批准号: 473-2012
• 负责人: Wood, Christopher
• 金额: $ 10.85万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=568121
• 关键词: Transport; Metabolism; Fish

This application opens new frontiers in a long term research program aimed at understanding the mechanisms involved in the transport and metabolism of nutrients, wastes, ions, acid-base equivalents, and respiratory gases in fish, and how these processes are modified by environmental conditions and phylogeny. Mechanisms are analyzed at molecular, cellular, organ system, whole animal, and behavioral levels simultaneously. A comparative approach is used with respect to organisms (trout, killifish, oscars, sharks, lungfish, hagfish) and stressors (NH3, O2, CO2, salinity, exercise, feeding). The four main areas are: (i) the physiology of ammonia and urea metabolism; (ii) the previously overlooked role of the skin in ionoregulation, acid-base regulation, N-waste excretion and feeding; (iii) the key contributions of passive transport processes (i.e. permeability regulation) in ionoregulation and osmoregulation; and (iv) aspects of euryhalinity which have previously received little attention. Particular projects focus on the control of gene expression of ammonia-transporting Rh proteins, the functions of ammonia as a respiratory gas, its interaction with O2 and CO2, and the role of the intestine in N-metabolism in trout and sharks. The partitioning of exchange processes between skin and gills in trout, and the importance of transport through the skin in two ancient fish of key phylogenetic importance, the Agnathan hagfish and the Dipnoan lungfish, will be examined, together with the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved. The contributions of transcellular versus paracellular permeability regulation to the osmo-respiratory compromise at the gills and to water absorption at the gut will be evaluated in trout and killifish, together with a critical assessment of the relationship between paracellular permeability and transepithelial resistance. The contributions of electro-physiological events, volume regulation, and behavior to euryhalinity will be examined in these same species. Overall, this program will train 3 PDFs, 5 Ph.D.'s, 3 M.Sc.'s, and 15 undergraduates in innovative areas of integrative physiology. It will also underpin a parallel applied program in aquatic toxicology, aquaculture, and environmental management.

该应用程序为长期研究项目开辟了新的领域，该项目旨在了解鱼类体内营养物质、废物、离子、酸碱当量和呼吸气体的运输和代谢机制，以及这些过程如何受到环境条件和系统发育的影响。机制分析在分子，细胞，器官系统，整个动物和行为水平同时进行。对生物体（鳟鱼、鳉鱼、奥斯卡鱼、鲨鱼、肺鱼、盲鳗）和应激源（NH3、O2、CO2、盐度、运动、喂养）采用比较方法。四个主要领域是：(i)氨和尿素代谢的生理学；（ii）以前被忽视的皮肤在离子调节、酸碱调节、氮废物排泄和摄食中的作用；（iii）被动转运过程（即渗透性调节）在离子调节和渗透调节中的关键贡献；（iv）以前很少受到关注的euryhalinity方面。具体项目集中在氨转运Rh蛋白的基因表达控制，氨作为呼吸气体的功能，其与O2和CO2的相互作用，以及肠道在鳟鱼和鲨鱼氮代谢中的作用。鳟鱼皮肤和鳃之间交换过程的分配，以及两种具有重要系统发育意义的古代鱼类，Agnathan盲鳗和Dipnoan肺鱼，通过皮肤进行运输的重要性，以及所涉及的分子和细胞机制。将在鳟鱼和鳉鱼中评估跨细胞和细胞旁渗透性调节对鳃渗透呼吸损害和肠道吸水的贡献，并对细胞旁渗透性和经上皮阻力之间的关系进行关键评估。电生理事件、体积调节和行为对盐性的影响将在这些物种中进行研究。总体而言，该项目将在综合生理学的创新领域培养3名pdf， 5名博士，3名硕士和15名本科生。它还将支持水生毒理学、水产养殖和环境管理方面的平行应用程序。