Solar wind coupling to plasma waves and energetic particles in geospace

太阳风与地球空间中的等离子体波和高能粒子的耦合

• 批准号: 185709-2010
• 负责人: Rankin, Robert
• 金额: $ 3.79万
• 依托单位: University of Alberta
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2014-01-01 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=546024
• 关键词: Solar; wind; coupling; plasma; waves

The solar wind is an extension of the Sun's atmosphere into outer space. It is an ionized "plasma" with an average speed and density of 400km/s and 10 particles per cubic cm, respectively. The interaction of the solar wind with magnetized planets forms magnetic cavities called magnetospheres. Earth's magnetosphere is compressed on the dayside, and stretched beyond Moon's orbit on the nightside. It is wrapped by surface and interior current systems. Inside, wave-particle interactions and plasma instabilities turn the magnetosphere into an efficient particle accelerator, supplying the Ring Current, Van Allen belts, Plasmasphere and Auroral regions with energetic particles. As the Sun moves through its 11 year cycle, it drives magnetospheric storms that become increasingly more frequent and intense, leading to copious amounts of energy being dissipated in "geospace" mass and energy sinks. The strong variability of geospace presents hazards to satellites and humans in space, along with power, pipeline, and communications systems on Earth. It also affects satellite drag, which affects the lifetime of satellites and potentially the international space station.

太阳风是太阳大气层进入外太空的延伸。它是一个离子化的“等离子体”，平均速度和密度分别为400 km/s和10个立方CM的颗粒。太阳风与磁化行星的相互作用形成称为磁层的磁腔。地球的磁层在日期被压缩，并在夜间延伸到月球的轨道之外。它由表面和内部电流系统包裹。在内部，波粒子相互作用和等离子体不稳定性将磁层变成有效的粒子加速器，为环电流提供了带有能量颗粒的环电流，范艾伦带，等离子体和极光区域。随着太阳在其11年的周期中移动，它驱动了越来越频繁和强烈的磁层风暴，从而导致大量的能量在“ Geospace”质量和能量下降中消失。地索的强烈可变性对空间中的卫星和人类以及地球上的电源，管道和通信系统呈现出危害。它还影响卫星阻力，这会影响卫星和国际空间站的寿命。