Glacier mass balance variability in a small subarctic mountain range, southwest Yukon Territory

育空地区西南部亚北极小山脉的冰川质量平衡变化

• 批准号: 316236-2010
• 负责人: Flowers, Gwenn
• 金额: $ 1.09万
• 依托单位: Simon Fraser University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Northern Research Supplement
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2014-01-01 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=548876
• 关键词: Glacier; mass; balance; variability; small

The icefields of the St. Elias Mountains are some of the most extensive in the world. Glacier mass loss in this region is occurring at one of the highest recorded rates, resulting in a significant contribution to global sea level. Reliable models that accurately represent glacier-climate interactions at regional scales are therefore urgently needed. Such models are under development but lack sufficient validation data at high latitudes and in remote environments. A regional ground-based observational program is proposed in which meteorological variables and glacier mass balance will be measured across a sub-range of the St. Elias Mountains. Accumulation (snowfall) and ablation (melt) will be measured separately in biannual field campaigns with a strategy designed to identify indicator sites representative of the larger range. Stable isotopic analysis of snow samples will be used to identify accumulation sources as a constraint on regional orographic precipitation models. The mass balance data provide essential boundary conditions and validation for distributed energy balance models currently being developed to accurately model melt in complex terrain. This research program would provide the core material for at least two doctoral and three Master's theses, and would offer opportunities for at least five undergraduates. Field research opportunities act as a gateway for many prospective students, making this funding key to the program's training potential. Engagement with the local communities, including the Champagne-Aishihik and Kluane First Nations, will be promoted through a community science symposium organized with support from Parks Canada. Cooperation from Parks will also be sought to sponsor participation of Kluane First Nation youth in the research program. This program capitalizes on logistical support from the NSERC-funded Kluane Lake Research Station, scheduled for a major upgrade this year. With accelerated warming in store for Canada's North, reliable projections of environmental change are prerequisite to developing effective adaptation strategies. The proposed research contributes significant observational constraints for regional glaciological models targeted to this purpose.

圣伊莱亚斯山脉的冰原是世界上最广阔的冰原之一。该地区的冰川质量损失是有记录以来最高的速度之一，对全球海平面产生了重大影响。因此，迫切需要在区域尺度上准确代表冰川-气候相互作用的可靠模型。这些模型正在开发中，但缺乏足够的高纬度和偏远环境的验证数据。提出了一个区域地面观测方案，其中将在圣埃利亚斯山脉的一个子山脉测量气象变量和冰川质量平衡。累积（降雪）和消融（融化）将在一年两次的实地活动中分别进行测量，其战略旨在确定代表较大范围的指示地点。雪样的稳定同位素分析将被用来确定作为区域地形降水模型约束的积累源。质量平衡数据提供了必要的边界条件和验证分布式能量平衡模型，目前正在开发，以准确地模拟在复杂的地形融化。该研究计划将为至少两篇博士论文和三篇硕士论文提供核心材料，并为至少五名本科生提供机会。实地研究机会作为许多潜在学生的门户，使这笔资金成为该计划培训潜力的关键。将通过在加拿大公园组织的支持下组织的社区科学专题讨论会，促进与当地社区，包括香槟-艾希希克和克卢安第一民族的接触。还将寻求公园的合作，以赞助Kluane第一民族青年参与研究计划。该计划利用了NSERC资助的Kluane Lake研究站的后勤支持，该研究站计划于今年进行重大升级。随着加拿大北部气候变暖的加速，对环境变化的可靠预测是制定有效适应战略的先决条件。拟议的研究贡献了针对这一目的的区域冰川学模型的重要观测约束。