Comparative innate immunity in domestic large animals

家养大型动物的先天免疫比较

• 批准号: 418356-2012
• 负责人: Lillie, Brandon
• 金额: $ 2.19万
• 依托单位: University of Guelph
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2014-01-01 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=551363
• 关键词: Comparative; innate; immunity; domestic; large

Infectious respiratory and enteric diseases are major problems for producers of pigs, cattle, horses and other livestock. Their impacts on health increase production costs and antibiotic use, and are detrimental to animal welfare. Disease resistance involves innate and adaptive immune functions that are influenced by various genetic and environmental factors. The purpose of my research program is to identify and characterize proteins that recognize common patterns on the surfaces of infectious pathogens of large animals. These proteins, including collagenous lectins, play a key role in innate disease resistance in humans and animals, and deficiencies have been shown to increase the risk and severity of infections. I have identified some of these proteins in pigs and found genetic variations that are more frequent in pigs with common economically important infectious diseases such as pneumonia and enteritis. Much less is known about these proteins in other domesticated large animals. This research will better define the role that pattern recognition molecules play in innate disease resistance in livestock. We will identify which proteins play a role in innate disease resistance in pigs, cattle and horses. We will also assess the role genetic defects in these innate immune factors play in the wide variation in resistance to infectious diseases observed in livestock. These studies will help to further explain how genetic or acquired alterations in innate immune functions influence infection and inflammatory disease development, with a long-term applied goal of developing novel genetic markers for use in selection panels along with traditional parameters used in the livestock industry. These comparative studies may also benefit humans since they will improve understanding of the complex molecular pathways involved in innate disease resistance and elucidate genetic mechanisms regulating innate disease resistance common to humans and production animals.

传染性呼吸道和肠道疾病是猪、牛、马和其他牲畜生产者面临的主要问题。它们对健康的影响增加了生产成本和抗生素的使用，并对动物福利有害。疾病抵抗力涉及先天和适应性免疫功能，这些免疫功能受到各种遗传和环境因素的影响。我的研究计划的目的是识别和表征蛋白质，识别大型动物传染性病原体表面的常见模式。这些蛋白质，包括胶原凝集素，在人类和动物的先天性疾病抵抗力中起着关键作用，并且已经证明缺乏会增加感染的风险和严重程度。 我已经在猪中鉴定出了其中的一些蛋白质，并发现了在患有常见的经济上重要的传染病（如肺炎和肠炎）的猪中更常见的遗传变异。对其他驯养的大型动物中的这些蛋白质知之甚少。这项研究将更好地定义模式识别分子在牲畜先天抗病性中的作用。我们将确定哪些蛋白质在猪、牛和马的先天抗病性中发挥作用。 我们还将评估这些先天免疫因子中的遗传缺陷在家畜对传染病的抗性的广泛变化中所起的作用。 这些研究将有助于进一步解释先天免疫功能的遗传或获得性改变如何影响感染和炎性疾病的发展，长期应用的目标是开发新的遗传标记，用于选择面板沿着畜牧业中使用的传统参数。这些比较研究也可能使人类受益，因为它们将提高对先天性抗病性所涉及的复杂分子途径的理解，并阐明调节人类和生产动物共同的先天性抗病性的遗传机制。