Genome-wide identification of genetic defects in innate disease resistance genes of swine

猪先天抗病基因遗传缺陷的全基因组鉴定

• 批准号: 402509-2010
• 负责人: Lillie, Brandon
• 金额: $ 1.73万
• 依托单位: University of Guelph
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Collaborative Research and Development Grants
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2012-01-01 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=498338
• 关键词: Genome; wide; identification; genetic; defects

Infectious diseases and their associated impact on growth performance and production are a significant economic concern in Canadian swine production. It is a multifactorial problem, with various genetic and environmental influences. Currently, there are few genetic markers to assist selection for better disease resistance and growth performance. Within a herd, poor performing pigs may carry genetic defects in one or more essential liver proteins involved in innate disease resistance, and these could contribute negatively to complex polygenic production traits. We are taking a functional genomics approach to discover gene defects that interfere with innate immune factors that could limit health and production. Previously we have found disease-associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that impair structure, function and/or expression of innate immune proteins produced in the liver. The current project would use a genome-wide expression microarray approach to identify and compare levels of hepatic expression of genes involved in innate immunity in pigs. The promoter region of genes of interest will be sequenced and examined for the presence of SNPs associated with altered expression. The impact of identified gene defects (SNPs) on innate disease resistance to common infectious diseases and altered growth performance will be investigated using new and archived DNA samples from pigs for which ancillary diagnostic and/or performance information is available. This will allow the creation of a SNP panel which will be run on large numbers of pigs with detailed health and production data to determine the effect of selection for increased innate disease resistance on overall production. Ultimately any SNPs of proven value would be included in genetic selection strategies that will improve overall production, improve swine welfare, increase growth performance and decrease the use of antibiotics in swine production which will have societal and production benefits.

传染病及其对生长性能和生产的相关影响是加拿大养猪生产中重要的经济问题。这是一个多因素的问题，有各种遗传和环境的影响。目前，很少有遗传标记来帮助选择更好的抗病性和生长性能。在猪群中，表现不佳的猪可能携带一种或多种与先天抗病有关的必需肝蛋白的遗传缺陷，这可能对复杂的多基因生产性状产生负面影响。我们正在采用功能基因组学方法来发现干扰先天免疫因子的基因缺陷，这些因素可能会限制健康和生产。以前我们已经发现疾病相关的单核苷酸多态性（snp）会损害肝脏中产生的先天免疫蛋白的结构、功能和/或表达。目前的项目将使用全基因组表达微阵列方法来识别和比较猪先天免疫相关基因的肝脏表达水平。将对感兴趣的基因的启动子区域进行测序，并检查是否存在与表达改变相关的snp。已鉴定的基因缺陷（SNPs）对先天性疾病对常见传染病的抗性和生长性能改变的影响将使用来自猪的新的和存档的DNA样本进行研究，这些样本可获得辅助诊断和/或性能信息。这将允许建立一个SNP小组，该小组将在大量具有详细健康和生产数据的猪身上运行，以确定选择增强先天抗病能力对整体生产的影响。最终，任何被证实有价值的snp都将被纳入遗传选择策略，这将提高整体产量，改善猪福利，提高生长性能，减少猪生产中抗生素的使用，这将具有社会效益和生产效益。