Factors associated with intra-mammary infections dynamic and development of tailored sampling strategies and analytical methods.

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Mastitis, an inflammation of the mammary gland most often resulting from a bacterial infection, is a multi-faceted disease and is one of the most expensive dairy cow health problems. The estimated cost of mastitis for Canadian dairy producers is approximately $300 million per year. Mastitis reduces milk yield of dairy cows and affects animal welfare with clearly visible and measurable signs of sickness and discomfort. Furthermore, antibiotics treatments used to treat and prevent mastitis represent a very large proportion of the antibiotics used on Canadian dairies and constitute a risk of residues in the milk supply that could be a threat for public health. Finally, there is currently no gold standard test to diagnose intramammary infections (IMI) and this later aspect has important repercussions both in research and in practice.