Design and Evaluation of Automated Decision Aids for Tactical Awareness

复杂系统中的自动化虽然通常高度可靠，但从来都不是完美的。这意味着人类操作员必须决定何时依赖自动化，何时拒绝其错误的结论和不适当的建议。直觉上，运营商应该在自动化更可靠的时候更多地依赖自动化，在不太可靠的时候更少依赖自动化。然而，先前的研究表明，随着自动化可靠性的变化，运营商没有足够地调整他们的依赖行为。运营商有时可能会持怀疑态度，拒绝自动化，即使它提供了有用的信息、结论或建议。或者，他们有时可能过于信任，依赖于不适合手头情况的自动化。为了最大限度地利用新的自动化技术--以及监督它们的人--我们需要更好地了解导致操作员依赖或拒绝自动化的因素。我们还需要制定方法，鼓励操作员适当依赖自动化。我们的研究将在这两个领域创造新的知识。

Automation in complex systems, while often highly reliable, is never perfect. This means that human operators must decide when to rely on automation and when to reject its erroneous conclusions and inappropriate advice. Intuitively, operators should depend on automation more when it is more reliable - and less when it is less reliable. However, previous research shows that operators do not adjust their reliance behaviour enough as the automation reliability changes. Operators may sometimes be sceptical and reject automation even when it offers useful information, conclusions or recommendations. Alternatively, they may sometimes be too trusting and depend on automation that is not suitable for the situation at hand. To make the most of new automation technologies - and the humans who supervise them - we need to better understand the factors that lead operators to rely on or reject automation. We also need to develop methods to encourage human operators to rely on automation appropriately. Our research will create new knowledge in both of these areas.