Quantum transport, spintronics, and strongly correlated states in Dirac materials

点击翻译按钮获取中文摘要

Finding new materials and understanding their electronic and transport properties, which determine their potential for applications, is one of the central tasks of modern science and technology. One of the most influential breakthroughs in physics and material science in the past decade has been the discovery of graphene, a monolayer of carbon. The lattice structure of graphene is such that the electrons in this material effectively behave as massless Dirac-like particles, which leads to qualitatively new quantum effects, including quantum transport regimes and magneto-transport phenomena. It was quickly realized that the unusual electronic properties of graphene, its mechanical robustness and two-dimensional nature, make it an attractive material for certain applications. The discovery of graphene triggered an intense interest in two- and three-dimensional materials with Dirac-like dispersion, which led to the emergence of a whole class of novel materials - Dirac materials. This class includes bilayer and multi-layer graphene, three-dimensional topological insulators, and more recently, Weyl semimetals, which can be viewed as 3D generalization of graphene, and others.