The cellular basis of morphogenetic differences between ectoderm and mesoderm

外胚层和中胚层形态发生差异的细胞基础

• 批准号: RGPIN-2014-05116
• 负责人: Fagotto, Francois
• 金额: $ 2.55万
• 依托单位: McGill University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2014-01-01 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=566963
• 关键词: cellular; basis; morphogenetic; differences; between

To build an adult organism, different parts of embryos progressively develop distinct properties. One of the most important differences is between the cell populations that will build “barriers”, such as the skin, the gut wall, or the blood vessels, and the cells that will migrate more in isolation to populate the space between these barriers , where they will later from for example muscles, tendons, or joins. Two major aspects of these different cells correspond cell adhesion (much higher in the first group) and to migration (much higher in the second group). These differences appear very early, when the embryo is still a rough mass of undifferentiated cells: the first separation produces an embryonic tissue called the ectoderm, which is the prototype of a barrier cell layer, and the mesoderm, a typical migratory cell population. This is an ideal stage to study this processes, because the system is much simpler than in an adult organism. We hypothesize that simple networks of a few regulatory proteins control these essential characteristics. We propose to use the frog embryo to identify these small networks, or modules. We will use a multidisciplinary approach involving a whole range of modern techniques, including high resolution live fluorescence microscopy, physical measurement of forces between two single isolated cells, and complete identification of all protein components of the cell surface using a technique called proteomics. This project should important new insights in very basic and essential cell properties common to all animal organisms, from jellyfish to insects and humans.

为了建立一个成年生物体，胚胎的不同部分逐渐发展出不同的特性。最重要的区别之一是将建立“屏障”的细胞群，如皮肤，肠壁或血管，以及将更多地孤立迁移以填充这些屏障之间的空间的细胞，它们随后将从例如肌肉，肌腱或关节。这些不同细胞的两个主要方面对应于细胞粘附（在第一组中高得多）和迁移（在第二组中高得多）。这些差异出现得很早，那时胚胎还只是一团未分化的细胞：第一次分离产生了一种称为外胚层的胚胎组织，这是屏障细胞层的原型，以及中胚层，一种典型的迁移细胞群。这是研究这一过程的理想阶段，因为该系统比成年生物简单得多。我们假设，一些简单的网络调控蛋白控制这些基本特征。我们建议使用青蛙胚胎来识别这些小网络或模块。我们将使用多学科的方法，涉及一系列现代技术，包括高分辨率活体荧光显微镜，两个单个分离细胞之间的力的物理测量，以及使用称为蛋白质组学的技术完全鉴定细胞表面的所有蛋白质组分。这个项目应该对所有动物有机体（从水母到昆虫和人类）共同的非常基本和重要的细胞特性有重要的新见解。