Mechanism and applications of homogeneous catalysis in main group chemistry

主族化学均相催化机理及应用

• 批准号: 203212-2012
• 负责人: Rosenberg, Lisa
• 金额: $ 2.55万
• 依托单位: University of Victoria
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=569907
• 关键词: Mechanism; applications; homogeneous; catalysis; main

The importance of catalysis in the production of organic molecules and materials for the bulk and fine chemicals industries cannot be overstated. Although we typically think of catalysts as simply speeding up slow reactions, their real value is in selectively making single products of desired shapes and formulae, where non-catalytic processes would give multiple products from which the desired molecules must be separated. The selectivity afforded by catalysis is seriously under-exploited in the production of inorganic molecules and materials. Our research aims to remedy this. We have focused on the rich reactivity arising from catalytic transformations of P-H and Si-H bonds, and have identified synthetic targets for which the chemo-, regio-, and stereospecific incorporation of phosphorus or silicon adds significant value. These include: enantiopure phosphine ligands for use in asymmetric organic syntheses; robust polysilane plastics for incorporation in optical and/or electronic devices; and uniquely reactive siloxane precursors for the preparation of diverse silicone-containing materials. To achieve these syntheses, we need to establish a good understanding of the underlying reaction mechanisms, so that we can choose appropriate catalysts and conditions. We will carry out detailed studies of simple catalyst systems based both on transition metal complexes (Ru, Rh, and others) and on Lewis acids (organoboranes). These will involve comprehensive product analysis of both stoichiometric and catalytic reactions using a range of spectroscopic, spectrometric and chromatographic techniques, as well as kinetic studies, and careful variation of catalyst structure to observe differences in activity.

催化在大宗化学品和精细化学品工业有机分子和材料生产中的重要性怎么强调都不为过。虽然我们通常认为催化剂只是简单地加速缓慢的反应，但它们的真实的价值在于选择性地制造具有所需形状和配方的单一产品，而非催化过程将产生多种产品，所需分子必须从中分离。 在无机分子和材料的生产中，催化提供的选择性严重不足。我们的研究旨在纠正这一点。我们已经集中在丰富的反应性所产生的催化转化的P-H和Si-H键，并已确定的合成目标，其中的化学，区域，和立体定向掺入磷或硅添加显着的价值。其中包括：用于不对称有机合成的对映体纯膦配体;用于结合在光学和/或电子器件中的坚固聚硅烷塑料;以及用于制备各种含硅氧烷材料的独特反应性硅氧烷前体。 为了实现这些合成，我们需要建立对潜在反应机理的良好理解，以便我们可以选择合适的催化剂和条件。我们将对基于过渡金属络合物（Ru、Rh等）和刘易斯酸（有机硼烷）的简单催化剂体系进行详细研究。这些将涉及使用一系列光谱、光谱和色谱技术对化学计量和催化反应进行全面的产品分析，以及动力学研究，并仔细改变催化剂结构以观察活性差异。