Nutraceutical properties of chlorogenic acid

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Coffee is one of the world's most widely consumed beverages and the primary source of antioxidants in the modern diet. Given this, interest in the physiological effects of coffee has exploded as both experimental and clinical investigations report exciting nutraceutical potential. Of particular interest to the present application is the impact of coffee consumption on glucose homeostasis. Despite convincing epidemiological evidence, the specific coffee component(s) and physiological mechanisms responsible for the effects of coffee on glucose homeostasis are unclear. As caffeine, either ingested alone or as a part of coffee, acutely impairs insulin sensitivity, a component of coffee other than caffeine is likely responsible. Chlorogenic acids (CGA) are the main antioxidants in brewed coffee. Upon ingestion, small amounts of CGA are absorbed intact from the stomach and small intestine, with the remainder undergoing hydrolysis and subsequent absorption of the metabolites in the colon. The overall hypothesis is that CGA is responsible for the beneficial effects of coffee on glucose homeostasis. To gain insight into whole body and tissue specific effects of CGA in normal and pathological physiology, an in vivo animal model will be employed.