Mathematical theory of complex open quantum systems

复杂开放量子系统的数学理论

• 批准号: 341184-2012
• 负责人: Merkli, Marco
• 金额: $ 1.53万
• 依托单位: Memorial University of Newfoundland
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=572192
• 关键词: Mathematical; theory; complex; open; quantum

Physical objects (molecules, atoms, electrons, nuclei, photons, etc) are constantly subject to the influence of their surroundings. Generally, the smaller a system, the more important this influence. Quantum systems are particularly small and so the influence of surroundings (environments) on them is very rich and important. Surroundings can change fundamental properties that are of great importance in theory and experiments (with applications in quantum information theory, quantum computing, quantum measurement and even medical imaging). In my research, I try to find mathematical equations describing, with precision, how quantum objects behave when in contact with an environment. I am particularly interested in "complex open systems" as they appear in many real world applications. For instance, in nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, a sample of biological tissue to be examined contains at least roughly 10 to the power 23 (!) atoms or molecules. To describe each and every one of them is impossible. So it is important to obtain useful physical or chemical (but really, mathematical) "laws" that govern the behaviour of such systems. My research is purely mathematical, but it is of interest in applications, for example, in the effort to create new materials necessary in the construction of quantum computers.

物理对象（分子、原子、电子、原子核、光子等）不断受到其周围环境的影响。一般来说，系统越小，这种影响就越重要。量子系统特别小，因此周围环境对它们的影响是非常丰富和重要的。环境可以改变在理论和实验中非常重要的基本性质（应用于量子信息论、量子计算、量子测量甚至医学成像）。