Advanced laser physics and nonlinear optics: pushing the limits of ultrashort pulse laser sources and nonlinear imaging techniques

先进激光物理和非线性光学：突破超短脉冲激光源和非线性成像技术的极限

• 批准号: 355836-2013
• 负责人: Major, Arkady
• 金额: $ 2.33万
• 依托单位: University of Manitoba
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=572671
• 关键词: Advanced; laser; physics; nonlinear; optics

Interaction of extremely short (10^-13 - 10^-15 s) pulses of laser light with matter can produce various optical signals. Each of these secondary signals (or their individual properties such as colour, intensity, directionality, temporal behaviour, etc.) can be used to construct a high resolution image of a sample. Multiple signals can be produced directly by the sample itself or by adding additional chemicals that are called labels. More importantly, each of the generated signals carries specific information about the sample's structure, its structural organization, chemical composition or biochemical properties. Therefore, such laser based imaging technologies when used with live cells or tissues have enormous potential for rapid, sensitive and reliable diagnostics of many diseases at their very early stages of development. This can significantly improve efficiency and outcomes of medical treatments. Unfortunately, penetration of these diagnostic tools into real clinical environment is hampered by the high cost and poor performance of laser sources that produce short pulses of laser light. In addition, toxicity of many chemical labels precludes their use with humans. To address these challenging factors the proposed research program will develop (a) new innovative and cost-effective laser sources; and (b) an advanced laser imaging technique that does not require chemical labels and can simultaneously provide information about several different properties of a sample. These instruments will be developed by 9 graduate students (6 PhDs and 3 MScs) over a 5 year period. The students will receive cutting-edge training in laser, imaging and spectroscopy technologies, optical materials, detector, electronics and high-precision mechanics, data acquisition and analysis. The training will be also offered to highly qualified personnel at the undergraduate, graduate and postgraduate levels through supervision of undergraduate thesis and summer projects and collaborative research activities. The new knowledge generated by the proposed research program will make laser-based biomedical diagnostic techniques more powerful, efficient, reliable, cost-effective, and therefore, more mature and attractive for clinical applications.

超短脉冲激光（10^-13 ~ 10^-15 s）与物质的相互作用可以产生各种光学信号。这些次级信号中的每一个（或它们的单独属性，诸如颜色、强度、方向性、时间行为等）都可以被检测到。可用于构建样品的高分辨率图像。多个信号可以直接由样品本身产生，也可以通过添加额外的化学物质（称为标签）产生。更重要的是，每个产生的信号都携带有关样品结构、结构组织、化学成分或生化特性的特定信息。因此，当与活细胞或组织一起使用时，这种基于激光的成像技术对于许多疾病在其非常早期的发展阶段的快速、灵敏和可靠的诊断具有巨大的潜力。这可以显著提高医疗效率和结果。不幸的是，这些诊断工具进入真实的临床环境受到产生短脉冲激光的激光源的高成本和差性能的阻碍。此外，许多化学标签的毒性使其无法用于人类。为了解决这些具有挑战性的因素，拟议的研究计划将开发（a）新的创新和具有成本效益的激光源;和（B）先进的激光成像技术，不需要化学标签，可以同时提供有关样品的几个不同属性的信息。这些仪器将由9名研究生（6名博士和3名硕士）在5年内开发。学生将接受激光，成像和光谱技术，光学材料，探测器，电子和高精度机械，数据采集和分析方面的尖端培训。还将通过监督本科生论文和暑期项目以及合作研究活动，向本科生、研究生和研究生一级的高素质人员提供培训。拟议的研究计划所产生的新知识将使基于激光的生物医学诊断技术更加强大，高效，可靠，具有成本效益，因此，对临床应用更加成熟和有吸引力。