Biocover performance in mitigating fugitive methane emission from municipal solid waste landfills in cold climate

生物覆盖在减少寒冷气候下城市固体废物填埋场逸散性甲烷排放方面的表现

• 批准号: 484191-2015
• 负责人: TofighRayhani, Mohammad
• 金额: $ 1.82万
• 依托单位: Carleton University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Engage Grants Program
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=584168
• 关键词: Biocover; performance; mitigating; fugitive; methane

Recent changes to the Earth's climate are currently believed to be associated with changes in the composition of the atmosphere. This change is mostly attributed to anthropogenic activities that generate greenhouse gases (GHG). Methane (CH4) is one of the largest greenhouse gas contributors to the climate change. Municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills are considered as one of the major sources of anthropogenic methane emission, accounting for up to approximately 35% of the man-made methane emission in North America. Reducing methane emission from MSW landfills can be an efficient way to control the greenhouse gas and global warming. Efforts to reduce landfill gas emissions have led to the installation of gas collection systems at many MSW landfills in Canada. Such systems have proven effective in the capture and collecting of LFG. However, potential for gaseous emissions still exists where a gas collection system is not operational, and from fugitive emissions not captured by the system. Many landfills, especially in cold regions, do not produce enough gas to support conventional gas collection and treatment system. For example, the City of Ottawa has over 80 closed landfills, without any LFG collection system, ranging from small demolition sites to municipal solid waste landfills. These landfills still generate methane and other greenhouse gases, which contribute to climate change and also pose potential health and safety concerns. Methane emissions from MSW landfills can be reduced by means of methane oxidation enhanced in composted-based landfill biocovers. The purpose of this collaborative research, as first interaction with Sperling Hansen Associates, is to investigate the efficiency of biocovers in mitigating emissions of methane relative to conventional soil covers in Canada.

目前，人们对地球气候的最新变化与大气组成的变化有关。这种变化主要归因于产生温室气体（GHG）的人为活动。甲烷（CH4）是气候变化最大的温室气体贡献者之一。市政固体废物（MSW）垃圾填埋场被认为是人为甲烷排放的主要来源之一，占北美人造甲烷排放的约35％。减少MSW垃圾填埋场的甲烷排放可以是控制温室气和全球变暖的有效方法。 减少垃圾填埋气排放的努力导致在加拿大许多MSW垃圾填埋场安装了气体收集系统。事实证明，这种系统可有效捕获和收集LFG。但是，气体排放的潜力仍然存在，而气体收集系统不运行，并且从系统未捕获的逃犯中。许多垃圾填埋场，尤其是在寒冷地区，没有产生足够的气体来支持常规的天然气收集和处理系统。例如，渥太华市拥有80多个封闭的垃圾填埋场，没有任何LFG收集系统，从小型拆除地点到市政固体废物垃圾填埋场不等。这些垃圾填埋场仍会产生甲烷和其他温室气体，这有助于气候变化，并引起潜在的健康和安全问题。 在基于堆肥的垃圾填埋场生物跨越增强的甲烷氧化可以减少MSW垃圾填埋场的甲烷排放。作为与Sperling Hansen Associates的首次相互作用，这项合作研究的目的是研究生物跨度相对于加拿大常规土壤覆盖的甲烷发射的效率。