Biocover performance in mitigating fugitive methane emission from municipal solid waste landfills in cold climate

生物覆盖在减少寒冷气候下城市固体废物填埋场逸散性甲烷排放方面的表现

• 批准号: 484191-2015
• 负责人: TofighRayhani, Mohammad
• 金额: $ 1.82万
• 依托单位: Carleton University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Engage Grants Program
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=584168
• 关键词: Biocover; performance; mitigating; fugitive; methane

Recent changes to the Earth's climate are currently believed to be associated with changes in the composition of the atmosphere. This change is mostly attributed to anthropogenic activities that generate greenhouse gases (GHG). Methane (CH4) is one of the largest greenhouse gas contributors to the climate change. Municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills are considered as one of the major sources of anthropogenic methane emission, accounting for up to approximately 35% of the man-made methane emission in North America. Reducing methane emission from MSW landfills can be an efficient way to control the greenhouse gas and global warming. Efforts to reduce landfill gas emissions have led to the installation of gas collection systems at many MSW landfills in Canada. Such systems have proven effective in the capture and collecting of LFG. However, potential for gaseous emissions still exists where a gas collection system is not operational, and from fugitive emissions not captured by the system. Many landfills, especially in cold regions, do not produce enough gas to support conventional gas collection and treatment system. For example, the City of Ottawa has over 80 closed landfills, without any LFG collection system, ranging from small demolition sites to municipal solid waste landfills. These landfills still generate methane and other greenhouse gases, which contribute to climate change and also pose potential health and safety concerns. Methane emissions from MSW landfills can be reduced by means of methane oxidation enhanced in composted-based landfill biocovers. The purpose of this collaborative research, as first interaction with Sperling Hansen Associates, is to investigate the efficiency of biocovers in mitigating emissions of methane relative to conventional soil covers in Canada.

目前认为，最近地球气候的变化与大气成分的变化有关。这种变化主要归因于产生温室气体的人类活动。甲烷（CH4）是造成气候变化的最大温室气体之一。城市固体废物填埋场被认为是人为甲烷排放的主要来源之一，占北美人为甲烷排放量的35%左右。减少垃圾填埋场的甲烷排放是控制温室气体和全球变暖的有效途径。 为减少填埋气体排放，加拿大许多城市固体废物填埋场都安装了气体收集系统。该等系统已证明能有效捕捉及收集垃圾气体。然而，在气体收集系统不运行的情况下，气体排放的可能性仍然存在，并且来自未被系统捕获的逃逸性排放。许多垃圾填埋场，特别是在寒冷地区，不能产生足够的气体来支持传统的气体收集和处理系统。例如，渥太华市有80多个封闭的垃圾填埋场，没有任何LFG收集系统，从小型拆除现场到城市固体废物填埋场。这些垃圾填埋场仍然会产生甲烷和其他温室气体，这会导致气候变化，并造成潜在的健康和安全问题。 垃圾填埋场的甲烷排放可以通过堆肥生物覆盖物的甲烷氧化作用来减少。作为与Sperling汉森协会的第一次互动，这项合作研究的目的是调查生物覆盖物相对于加拿大传统土壤覆盖物在减少甲烷排放方面的效率。