Next-Generation Thermal Energy Exchange and Storage Devices for Conventional and Alternative Power Systems, Space Cooling Applications, and Microelectronics

用于传统和替代电力系统、空间冷却应用和微电子的下一代热能交换和存储设备

• 批准号: RGPIN-2014-03674
• 负责人: Baliga, Bantwal
• 金额: $ 1.97万
• 依托单位: McGill University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=587348
• 关键词: Next; Generation; Thermal; Energy; Exchange

Overview: The focus is on next-generation (novel) thermal energy exchange and storage devices for enhancing the performance of conventional and alternative power systems, space heating and cooling systems, and microelectronics. Five different projects will be undertaken: (1) Compact and Ultra-Compact Heat Exchangers and Mini-Channels with Partial Blockages (assessment of increasing compactness, or area density, on thermofluid performance; proposal of novel core configurations with applications to recuperators for industrial micro gas turbine engines, of power <= 500 kW; accurate modeling of cooling-air flows in notebook and laptop computers); (2) Thermal Design of Transformers for Wind- and Tidal-Power Systems in Northern Canada (proposal, modeling, and demonstration of novel thermal management systems for mitigating the adverse effects of extreme temperatures and intermittent and time-periodic power-generation); (3) Enhanced Latent-Heat Energy-Storage Systems for Assisting Thermal Environmental Control (proposal, modeling, and demonstration of systems incorporating gravity-assisted heat pipes and porous metal foams embedded in salt-hydrate solid-liquid phase-change materials); (4) Micro Vapor-Chamber Spreaders and Loop Heat Pipes (development of novel vapor-chamber spreaders, with thickness <= 3 mm, alcohol-water solutions as working fluids, and wire-mesh or shaped-micro-post wicks for next-generation tablet computers, smart phones, and LED lighting systems; and development of an enhanced model of loop heat pipes to facilitate optimal designs for integration in advanced photovoltaic-thermal solar collectors); and (5) Enhanced Geothermal and Solar Energy Systems for Heating and Cooling (improvements of current thermofluid modeling practices used in the design of vertical borehole fields for geothermal heat pumps; and proposal, modeling, and demonstration of a novel hybrid solar-photovoltaic-thermal system for power generation and absorption refrigeration). Methodology: Cost-effective mathematical models based on one or more of the following techniques: (i) spatially and temporally periodic formulations limited to representative periodic cells; (ii) volume-averaging with correlations for effective properties and interfacial transfer coefficients; and (iii) hybrid approaches that combine segmented quasi-one-dimensional and multidimensional formulations. For the simulation of turbulent flows, low-Reynolds number and large-eddy simulation models will be used. Finite volume and control-volume-based finite element methods will be used for solving these mathematical models. Gradient-based constrained optimization procedures will be used. Complementary experimental work on laboratory-scale models will be undertaken, and the data will be used to test and refine the proposed mathematical models. Impact: The potential socio-economic benefits of the proposed research program could be considerable, as it fits in very well with on-going efforts in Canada to reduce green-house gas emissions, increase energy security, develop northern resource sectors in an environmentally friendly manner, and create new high-value jobs. The first part of Project 4 could also enhance Canada’s position in the microelectronics and LED lighting industries. The second part of Project 5 could allow Canada to tap into the burgeoning alternative energy market in many middle-eastern and sub-Saharan countries, as they have an abundance of solar energy and also a great need for inexpensive refrigeration systems for storing perishable foods, medicines, and vaccines. HQP Training: At any given time, seven students [M.Eng. (thesis), Ph.D., and/or PDF] will work on the proposed research program, which will provide them excellent training on timely cutting-edge topics.

概述：重点是下一代（新型）热能交换和存储设备，用于提高传统和替代电力系统，空间加热和冷却系统以及微电子的性能。将开展五个不同的项目：（1）紧凑型和超紧凑型换热器和局部堵塞的微型通道（评估热流体性能方面不断增加的紧凑性或面积密度;提出新的堆芯结构，应用于功率<= 500千瓦的工业微型燃气涡轮机的同流换热器;笔记本和膝上型计算机中冷却空气流的精确建模）;（2）加拿大北方风能和潮汐能系统变压器的热设计（用于减轻极端温度以及间歇性和时间周期性发电的不利影响的新型热管理系统的建议、建模和演示）;（3）用于辅助热环境控制的增强潜热能量存储系统（建议，建模和演示系统，包括重力辅助热管和嵌入盐水合物固液相变材料的多孔金属泡沫）;（4）微型蒸汽室散热器和回路热管（开发新型蒸汽室扩散器，厚度<= 3 mm，乙醇-水溶液作为工作流体，以及用于下一代平板电脑、智能手机和LED照明系统的丝网或成形微柱芯;以及开发环路热管的增强模型，以促进集成在先进的光热太阳能集热器中的优化设计）;和（5）用于加热和冷却的增强型地热和太阳能系统（改进用于地热热泵的垂直钻孔场设计的当前热流体建模实践;以及用于发电和吸收式制冷的新型混合太阳能-光伏-热系统的建议、建模和演示）。 方法学：基于以下一种或多种技术的经济有效的数学模型：（i）限于代表性周期性细胞的空间和时间周期性公式;（ii）具有有效性质和界面传递系数的相关性的体积平均;以及（iii）结合联合收割机分段准一维和多维公式的混合方法。对于湍流模拟，将使用低雷诺数和大涡模拟模型。有限体积和控制体积为基础的有限元方法将用于解决这些数学模型。将使用基于约束的约束优化程序。将对实验室规模的模型进行补充性实验工作，并将利用这些数据来测试和完善拟议的数学模型。 影响力：拟议的研究计划的潜在社会经济效益可能是相当大的，因为它非常适合在加拿大正在进行的努力，以减少温室气体排放，增加能源安全，发展北方资源部门在环境友好的方式，并创造新的高价值的就业机会。项目4的第一部分还可以提高加拿大在微电子和LED照明行业的地位。项目5的第二部分可以使加拿大进入许多中东和撒哈拉以南国家蓬勃发展的替代能源市场，因为这些国家拥有丰富的太阳能，并且非常需要廉价的制冷系统来储存易腐食品，药品和疫苗。 HQP培训：在任何给定的时间，七名学生[工程硕士（论文），博士，和/或PDF]将致力于拟议的研究计划，这将为他们提供及时的前沿课题的优秀培训。