Next-Generation Thermal Energy Exchange and Storage Devices for Conventional and Alternative Power Systems, Space Cooling Applications, and Microelectronics

用于传统和替代电力系统、空间冷却应用和微电子的下一代热能交换和存储设备

• 批准号: RGPIN-2014-03674
• 负责人: Baliga, Bantwal
• 金额: $ 1.97万
• 依托单位: McGill University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2016-01-01 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=610581
• 关键词: Next; Generation; Thermal; Energy; Exchange

Overview: The focus is on next-generation (novel) thermal energy exchange and storage devices for enhancing the performance of conventional and alternative power systems, space heating and cooling systems, and microelectronics. Five different projects will be undertaken: (1) Compact and Ultra-Compact Heat Exchangers and Mini-Channels with Partial Blockages (assessment of increasing compactness, or area density, on thermofluid performance; proposal of novel core configurations with applications to recuperators for industrial micro gas turbine engines, of power <= 500 kW; accurate modeling of cooling-air flows in notebook and laptop computers); (2) Thermal Design of Transformers for Wind- and Tidal-Power Systems in Northern Canada (proposal, modeling, and demonstration of novel thermal management systems for mitigating the adverse effects of extreme temperatures and intermittent and time-periodic power-generation); (3) Enhanced Latent-Heat Energy-Storage Systems for Assisting Thermal Environmental Control (proposal, modeling, and demonstration of systems incorporating gravity-assisted heat pipes and porous metal foams embedded in salt-hydrate solid-liquid phase-change materials); (4) Micro Vapor-Chamber Spreaders and Loop Heat Pipes (development of novel vapor-chamber spreaders, with thickness <= 3 mm, alcohol-water solutions as working fluids, and wire-mesh or shaped-micro-post wicks for next-generation tablet computers, smart phones, and LED lighting systems; and development of an enhanced model of loop heat pipes to facilitate optimal designs for integration in advanced photovoltaic-thermal solar collectors); and (5) Enhanced Geothermal and Solar Energy Systems for Heating and Cooling (improvements of current thermofluid modeling practices used in the design of vertical borehole fields for geothermal heat pumps; and proposal, modeling, and demonstration of a novel hybrid solar-photovoltaic-thermal system for power generation and absorption refrigeration). Methodology: Cost-effective mathematical models based on one or more of the following techniques: (i) spatially and temporally periodic formulations limited to representative periodic cells; (ii) volume-averaging with correlations for effective properties and interfacial transfer coefficients; and (iii) hybrid approaches that combine segmented quasi-one-dimensional and multidimensional formulations. For the simulation of turbulent flows, low-Reynolds number and large-eddy simulation models will be used. Finite volume and control-volume-based finite element methods will be used for solving these mathematical models. Gradient-based constrained optimization procedures will be used. Complementary experimental work on laboratory-scale models will be undertaken, and the data will be used to test and refine the proposed mathematical models. Impact: The potential socio-economic benefits of the proposed research program could be considerable, as it fits in very well with on-going efforts in Canada to reduce green-house gas emissions, increase energy security, develop northern resource sectors in an environmentally friendly manner, and create new high-value jobs. The first part of Project 4 could also enhance Canada’s position in the microelectronics and LED lighting industries. The second part of Project 5 could allow Canada to tap into the burgeoning alternative energy market in many middle-eastern and sub-Saharan countries, as they have an abundance of solar energy and also a great need for inexpensive refrigeration systems for storing perishable foods, medicines, and vaccines. HQP Training: At any given time, seven students [M.Eng. (thesis), Ph.D., and/or PDF] will work on the proposed research program, which will provide them excellent training on timely cutting-edge topics.

概述：重点是下一代(新型)热能交换和存储设备，以提高传统和替代电力系统、空间供暖和制冷系统以及微电子设备的性能。将开展五个不同的项目：(1)紧凑型和超紧凑型换热器和部分堵塞的微型通道(对热流体性能的紧凑性或面密度增加的评估；提出新的核心配置并将其应用于工业微型燃气轮机发动机的回热器，功率为500 kW；对笔记本和笔记本电脑中的冷却空气流动进行准确建模)；(2)加拿大北部风力和潮汐电力系统用变压器的热设计(建议、建模和演示新型热管理系统，以减轻极端温度和间歇性和时间周期发电的不利影响)；(3)用于辅助热环境控制的增强型潜热储能系统(结合重力辅助热管和嵌入盐水合物固液相变材料中的多孔金属泡沫的系统的建议、建模和演示)；(4)微型蒸汽室散热器和环路热管(开发新型蒸汽室散热器，厚度=3 mm，以酒精-水溶液为工作液，以及用于下一代平板电脑、智能手机和LED照明系统的钢丝网或成型微柱芯)；这些活动包括：(1)改进地热和太阳能供暖和制冷系统(改进了目前在地热热泵垂直井场设计中使用的热流体建模做法；以及提出、建模和示范了一种用于发电和吸收制冷的新型太阳能-光伏-热能混合系统)。 方法：基于以下一种或多种技术的具有成本效益的数学模型：(1)仅限于具有代表性的周期细胞的空间和时间周期配方；(2)有效性质和界面传递系数相关的体积平均；以及(3)结合分段准一维和多维配方的混合方法。对于湍流的模拟，将采用低雷诺数和大涡模拟模型。有限体积和基于控制体积的有限元方法将被用来求解这些数学模型。将使用基于梯度的约束最优化程序。将进行实验室规模模型的补充实验工作，并将使用数据来测试和改进拟议的数学模型。 影响：拟议研究计划的潜在社会经济效益可能是可观的，因为它非常符合加拿大正在进行的减少温室气体排放、提高能源安全、以环境友好的方式发展北方资源部门以及创造新的高价值就业机会的努力。项目4的第一部分还可以提高加拿大在微电子和LED照明行业的地位。项目5的第二部分可能使加拿大能够进入许多中东和撒哈拉以南国家新兴的替代能源市场，因为这些国家拥有丰富的太阳能，而且非常需要廉价的制冷系统来储存易腐烂的食品、药品和疫苗。 HQP培训：在任何给定时间，7名学生[M.Eng.(论文)、博士和/或PDF]将致力于拟议的研究计划，这将为他们提供及时前沿主题的出色培训。