Ion chromatography system for multi-element speciation analysis

用于多元素形态分析的离子色谱系统

• 批准号: RTI-2016-00519
• 负责人: Beauchemin, Diane
• 金额: $ 4.83万
• 依托单位: Queen's University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Research Tools and Instruments
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=591478
• 关键词: Ion; chromatography; system; multi; element

Because the toxicity of elements, such as arsenic, selenium and chromium, depends on their chemical form, knowing the total concentration of elements is insufficient for risk assessment, which requires identification and measurement of the different chemical forms present. In fact, in the case of the food that we eat or the airborne particulate matter contained in the air that we breathe, measurement of the chemical forms that are bio-accessible, i.e. soluble in the gastro-intestinal tract or in lung fluid, is a better way to assess the worst case scenario when everything that is bio-accessible ends up in the blood stream and can exert its toxic effect on the human body. One of the transformative aspects of the proposed research is the development of reliable methods to determine the bio-accessibility and mechanism of incorporation of potentially toxic elements in the environment. For instance, measuring arsenic species in underground waters, lakes and streams in the area of gold mines is essential for understanding the risk to human and ecosystem health, as well as designing an optimal remediation method. This requires both quantifying these elements, determining the processes by which they move and identifying the specific bio-accessible species. The measurement of these species at the very low levels required for tracing them in both the laboratory and field experiments can only be accomplished through the instrument requested, which is to replace an outdated one that keeps breaking down and is no longer supported by the manufacturer. The anticipated benefits to Canada of this equipment and the research resulting therefrom are found in the safety of our food and air, in the health of our natural environment, in the responsible development of mineral resources of our country, and in the fostering of our high-tech industries. This will include simple ways for everyone to increase food safety, such as washing rice before cooking it to reduce its arsenic content. Understanding the processes involved in the dispersion of anthropogenic metals through our ecosystems is critical to our quality of life and will only be possible with the requested instrument that has the ability to separate element species. Detection of ore deposits at depth in Canada requires a much better understanding of the processes by which elements move to the surface to become fixed to phases in soil and specific vegetation organs. The requested infrastructure provides the only technique to prove how metals move in natural systems and how to measure the diversity and chemical form of these elements. The novel protocols resulting from this project can be commercialized by Canadian analytical laboratories who serve the agricultural, mining, environmental, and health care sectors, so that these improvements have commercial potential as well. Another major benefit to Canada is creation of knowledge and expertise in an important emerging field.

由于砷、硒和铬等元素的毒性取决于它们的化学形态，因此知道元素的总浓度不足以进行风险评估，这需要识别和测量存在的不同化学形态。 事实上，就我们吃的食物或我们呼吸的空气中所含的空气颗粒物而言，测量生物可接近的化学形式，即可溶于胃肠道或肺液中的化学形式，是评估最坏情况的更好方法，当生物可接近的一切最终进入血液并对人体产生毒性作用时。 拟议研究的变革性方面之一是制定可靠的方法，以确定生物可及性和环境中潜在有毒元素的掺入机制。例如，测量金矿区地下沃茨、湖泊和溪流中的砷种类，对于了解对人类和生态系统健康的风险以及设计最佳补救方法至关重要。这需要对这些元素进行量化，确定它们移动的过程，并确定特定的生物可及物种。在实验室和实地实验中对这些物种进行追踪所需的非常低水平的测量只能通过所要求的仪器来完成，该仪器将取代一台不断出现故障且不再得到制造商支持的过时仪器。 这一设备和由此产生的研究对加拿大的预期利益体现在我们的食品和空气安全、我们自然环境的健康、我国矿产资源的负责任开发以及我们高科技工业的培育。这将包括让每个人都能提高食品安全的简单方法，比如在煮饭前洗米以减少砷含量。 了解人为金属在我们生态系统中的扩散过程对我们的生活质量至关重要，只有使用能够分离元素种类的所需仪器才有可能。在加拿大探测深部矿床需要更好地了解元素移动到地表并固定在土壤和特定植被器官中的过程。所要求的基础设施提供了证明金属如何在自然系统中移动以及如何测量这些元素的多样性和化学形式的唯一技术。该项目产生的新协议可以由加拿大分析实验室商业化，这些实验室为农业，采矿，环境和医疗保健部门提供服务，因此这些改进也具有商业潜力。加拿大的另一个主要利益是在一个重要的新兴领域创造知识和专门知识。