Post-transcriptional mechanisms in the control of early bovine development.

控制早期牛发育的转录后机制。

• 批准号: 155366-2012
• 负责人: LaMarre, Jonathan
• 金额: $ 1.82万
• 依托单位: University of Guelph
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2016-01-01 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=593481
• 关键词: Post; transcriptional; mechanisms; control; early

The cattle industry contributes more than 10 billion dollars annually to the Canadian economy. Fertility is a major factor limiting productivity in this sector. In cattle, as in other mammals, early embryonic development represents a critical point in the establishment of successful pregnancies. From a scientific standpoint, the exploration of mechanisms that control embryonic growth and development provide fascinating insights into some of the most fundamental biological questions as they apply to many different species. Growth, development and viability of the embryo depends on multiple factors, the most important of which is the strict, well-timed regulation of gene expression. Gene expression can be loosely defined as the level of a specific gene product (RNA or protein) that is present in a cell at a particular time. Embryos that have abnormal control of gene expression develop abnormally or fail to develop at all. Control of gene expression is very complicated and involves different mechanisms that increase or decrease the overall levels of mRNAs encoding specific proteins in cells, tissues or organisms. These include factors that change the production of mRNA (transcription) and factors that change the rate of mRNA decay or translation into protein (post-transcriptional changes).

养牛业每年为加拿大经济贡献超过100亿美元。生育率是限制这一部门生产力的一个主要因素。与其他哺乳动物一样，牛的早期胚胎发育是成功怀孕的关键。从科学的角度来看，对控制胚胎生长和发育的机制的探索为一些最基本的生物学问题提供了令人着迷的见解，因为它们适用于许多不同的物种。胚胎的生长、发育和生存能力取决于多种因素，其中最重要的是对基因表达的严格、适时的调控。基因表达可以粗略地定义为在特定时间存在于细胞中的特定基因产物（RNA或蛋白质）的水平。基因表达控制异常的胚胎发育异常或根本无法发育。基因表达的控制非常复杂，涉及不同的机制，可以增加或减少细胞、组织或生物体中编码特定蛋白质的mrna的总体水平。这些因素包括改变mRNA产生的因素（转录）和改变mRNA衰变或翻译成蛋白质的速度的因素（转录后变化）。