Characterization of a glycoprotein entry complex from a novel orthomyxovirus

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Infectious salmon anaemia virus (ISAV) is a significant emerging disease of Atlantic farmed salmon that causes severe anemia. The disease can progress slowly throughout an infected farm, and mortality rates may approach 100%. The virus was first identified in Norway in 1984, but over the last 25 years ISAV has caused major disease outbreaks in Canada, U.S., and other countries around the world. In July 2012, a confirmed outbreak in Newfoundland prompted the destruction of 450,000 farmed salmon. The virus has caused major economic losses and is a major threat to the viability of salmon farming. Currently, very little is known about its viral lifecycle. Additional studies are urgently needed to understand the basic biology of how this virus enters its salmon host.