The development of a bench-scale fluidized bed reactor for thermochemical energy storage under partial vacuum

部分真空下热化学储能小型流化床反应器的研制

• 批准号: 500831-2016
• 负责人: Cruickshank, CynthiaAnn
• 金额: $ 0.89万
• 依托单位: Carleton University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Collaborative Research and Development Grants
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2016-01-01 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=608319
• 关键词: development; bench; scale; fluidized; bed

A significant portion of Canadian residential space heating and hot water needs can be met with solar thermal energy; however, the penetration of solar thermal technology in Canada is currently limited by the sizable thermal storage systems that are required during the heating season when solar insolation is low. In comparison to the conventionally large tanks required for storing sensible heat in liquid water, thermochemical reactions between solid adsorbent materials and water in the gas phase possess much higher energy storage densities, providing a more compact and loss-free thermal storage solution. Thermochemical storage via sorption is indirect, where enthalpy is released when water vapour bonds with the surface of an adsorbent during adsorption. Subjecting the saturated material to an equal amount of heat as that released during adsorption will break those bonds (desorption), regenerating the material to undergo further adsorption-desorption cycles. Adsorbents including synthetic zeolites have been investigated using fixed bed reactors at atmospheric pressure and promising results have been obtained with respect to the high energy storage densities and long life cycle of these materials. This research program will follow recommendations made for future work identified during a successful NSERC Engage period, and will explore the effects of pressure and fluidization on the sorption of zeolite 13X for the application of low-temperature thermal energy storage. It is expected that faster desorption at a lower reactor temperature can be achieved under a partial vacuum in the reactor, and that a gradual reduction of pressure in the reactor will prolong the release of heat during adsorption. As an extension of the fixed bed design, it is expected that heat and mass transfer between the gas and solid will be improved with fluidization. After a comprehensive model of a bench-scale fluidized bed reactor has been simulated in a multiphysics software, an apparatus will be constructed for an experimental phase in which the adsorption and desorption of fluidized zeolite 13X will be observed under positive and negative (vacuum) gage pressure respectively.

加拿大住宅空间的供暖和热水需求的很大一部分可以通过太阳能热能来满足;然而，加拿大太阳能热能技术的渗透目前受到太阳能日照较低的供暖季节所需的相当大的储热系统的限制。与用于在液态水中存储显热所需的常规大型罐相比，固体吸附材料与气相中的水之间的热化学反应具有高得多的能量存储密度，提供了更紧凑且无损失的热存储解决方案。通过吸附的热化学储存是间接的，其中当水蒸气在吸附期间与吸附剂的表面结合时释放焓。使饱和材料经受与吸附期间释放的热量相等的热量将破坏这些键（解吸），使材料再生以经历进一步的吸附-解吸循环。包括合成沸石的吸附剂已经在大气压下使用固定床反应器进行了研究，并且在这些材料的高储能密度和长寿命周期方面已经获得了有希望的结果。该研究计划将遵循成功的NSERC参与期间确定的未来工作建议，并将探索压力和流化对低温热能储存应用中沸石13 X吸附的影响。预期在反应器中的部分真空下可以实现在较低反应器温度下的较快解吸，并且反应器中的压力的逐渐降低将延长吸附期间的热释放。作为固定床设计的延伸，预期流化将改善气体和固体之间的传热和传质。在建立流化床反应器模型的基础上，建立了13 X沸石在正、负表压下的吸附和脱附实验装置。