Understanding Passenger Car-Heavy Vehicle Interactions and Conflicts on Roadwaysfor Developing Proactive Traffic Safety Strategies

了解道路上客车与重型车辆的相互作用和冲突，以制定主动的交通安全策略

• 批准号: RGPIN-2014-04389
• 负责人: Lee, Chris
• 金额: $ 1.6万
• 依托单位: University of Windsor
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2016-01-01 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=611006
• 关键词: Understanding; Passenger; Car; Heavy; Vehicle

Traffic crashes cause significant losses to society such as life and property losses, medical cost and traffic congestion. In particular, collisions involving heavy vehicles generally result in more severe injuries due to higher impacts of collisions on vehicle bodies. Since most heavy vehicles move at lower speed than light passenger cars, car drivers tend to adjust their speeds or change lanes to avoid conflicts with heavy vehicles. This driver behaviour leads to high variations in individual speeds and it increases the likelihood of driver errors and crash occurrence. Thus, better understanding of interactions and conflicts between cars and heavy vehicles is needed to establish traffic safety strategies to reduce crash occurrence and injury severity. The objective of this research is to understand how passenger cars and heavy vehicles change their behaviour when they are in conflict on roadways. The study will develop the driver behaviour models which reflect real-world vehicle interactions based on the observed driver’s car-following, lane-changing and gap-acceptance behaviour on freeways and at at-grade intersections. The study will also estimate the probability and severity of collisions using the traffic model built on the driver behaviour models, which mimics individual vehicle movements in car-heavy vehicle mixed flow. Using these models, the study will propose proactive traffic control strategies which will guide drivers to avoid vehicle conflicts and prevent crash occurrence. Prevention of crashes will save a substantial amount of social costs incurred by severe motor vehicle crashes. The improvement of heavy vehicle safety will also increase the efficiency of goods movement, facilitate international trades, and contribute to growth of Canada's economy.

交通事故给社会造成重大损失，如生命财产损失、医疗费用、交通拥堵等。特别是涉及重型车辆的碰撞，由于碰撞对车身的冲击较大，通常会造成更严重的伤害。由于大多数重型车辆的速度比轻型乘用车慢，因此汽车司机往往会调整速度或改变车道，以避免与重型车辆发生冲突。驾驶员的这种行为导致个人速度的高度变化，并增加了驾驶员失误和碰撞发生的可能性。因此，需要更好地了解汽车和重型车辆之间的相互作用和冲突，以建立交通安全策略，以减少碰撞发生和伤害严重程度。