Tracing element pathways and processes of Fe, Cu, Zn and Mo in the geosphere and biosphere using stable isotopes

使用稳定同位素示踪地球圈和生物圈中 Fe、Cu、Zn 和 Mo 的元素路径和过程

• 批准号: RGPIN-2015-05551
• 负责人: Wieser, Michael
• 金额: $ 1.6万
• 依托单位: University of Calgary
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2016-01-01 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=613619
• 关键词: Tracing; element; pathways; processes; Fe

The metals iron, copper, zinc and molybdenum play critical roles in a number of significant physiochemical processes. For example, changes in the oxidation state of molybdenum may be linked to changes in the ability of paleo-oceans to have supported life; the metabolism of copper by metalloproteins plays an important role in regulating the distribution of this redox sensitive element in the brain; zinc is used extensively in industry and its presence in the environment might be a useful indicator of anthropogenic activities. Each of these elements possesses several stable isotopes and considerable variations in the isotopic compositions are reported. There is an important opportunity to utilize isotopic composition to learn the function of these key elements at the Earth-Human interface with the ultimate goal of applying this knowledge to challenges in health and environmental chemistry. The goals of the research to be supported by this Discovery Grant are to employ stable isotope techniques to uncover the distribution and variability of isotopic abundances in selected systems; identify the critical regions and interactions in a system where changes in isotopic composition occur; and understand the actual physiochemical processes that are responsible for the isotopic variability. Because these elements are often associated with each other in biogeochemical processes we will seek to synthesize our knowledge of Fe, Cu, Zn and Mo isotopic fractionations to yield a more comprehensive understanding of complex interactions. We want to understand why changes in the isotopic composition of Fe, Cu, Zn and Mo occur and exploit this knowledge to better understand the role of these elements in biogeochemical interactions.

金属铁、铜、锌和钼在许多重要的生理化学过程中起着关键作用。例如，钼的氧化态的变化可能与古海洋支持生命的能力的变化有关;金属蛋白对铜的代谢在调节这种氧化还原敏感元素在大脑中的分布方面起着重要作用;锌广泛用于工业，其在环境中的存在可能是人类活动的有用指标。这些元素中的每一种都具有几种稳定的同位素，并且报告了同位素组成的相当大的变化。有一个重要的机会，利用同位素组成，以了解这些关键元素在地球-人类界面的功能，最终目标是将这些知识应用于健康和环境化学的挑战。该研究的目标是由这个发现补助金支持采用稳定的同位素技术，以揭示在选定的系统中的同位素丰度的分布和变异性;确定在同位素组成发生变化的系统中的关键区域和相互作用;并了解负责同位素变异性的实际物理化学过程。由于这些元素在地球化学过程中经常相互关联，我们将寻求综合我们对Fe，Cu，Zn和Mo同位素分馏的知识，以更全面地了解复杂的相互作用。我们想了解为什么Fe，Cu，Zn和Mo的同位素组成会发生变化，并利用这些知识来更好地了解这些元素在地球化学相互作用中的作用。