Reaction kinetics and particle agglomeration studies in support of heavy oil and bio-oil upgrading

支持重油和生物油升级的反应动力学和颗粒团聚研究

• 批准号: RGPIN-2015-06314
• 负责人: Pjontek, Dominic
• 金额: $ 1.6万
• 依托单位: University of Western Ontario
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2016-01-01 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=614073
• 关键词: Reaction; kinetics; particle; agglomeration; studies

Diminishing conventional crude oil reserves have led to increased production from unconventional resources, such as bitumen from the Canadian oil sands and fuels converted from biomass. In Canada, an estimated 168 billion barrels are recoverable from the oil sands using available technologies, while increasing biofuel research throughout the world reflects environmental concerns due to greenhouse gas emissions, advantages of energy diversification, and declining conventional fossil fuel reserves. Bio-oils produced from biomass conversion processes have the following inferior properties compared to conventional fuels: higher oxygen content, reduced heating value, greater viscosity, and chemical instability. Both bitumen and bio-oils require upgrading processes to produce valuable fuels and chemicals similar to those obtained from conventional crude oils. The shift to heavy oil and residue upgrading makes it pertinent to advance the understanding of particle agglomeration in fluidized bed reactors. Interparticle liquid bridging is known to occur in Fluid Cokers and potentially in hydroprocessors, where both reactors are currently used for heavy oil and residue upgrading. Particle agglomeration reduces heat and mass transfer, augments reactor fouling, and can lead to defluidization. By carefully selecting the continuous and dispersed liquid phases, the impacts of relevant phase physical properties (e.g., liquid viscosities, particle size, dispersed liquid concentration, particle wettability) on agglomeration severity and the overall fluid dynamics in a slurry bubble column configurations will be investigated. These experimental studies will provide predictive capabilities and mitigation strategies for agglomerate formation in upgrading reactors. A parallel and complementary objective is to study the hydrodeoxygenation kinetics of bio-oils produced via pyrolysis. The previous bio-oil upgrading pathway occurs at elevated temperatures (300 to 500°C), high hydrogen pressures (5 to 20 MPa), and typically in the presence of a catalyst, consequently sharing similarities with hydroprocessing. Fixed bed upgrading systems have been primarily studied, where commonly reported issues are catalyst poisoning, coke formation, and reactor plugging. A fluidized configuration will be evaluated to address these concerns due to the improved mixing characteristics and the potential for semi-continuous catalyst addition/removal. Reaction kinetics will be investigated using a unique fluidized and induction heated microreactor to identify the optimal reaction conditions (i.e., temperature, hydrogen pressure, catalyst size and composition). Promising kinetic data for bio-oil hydrodeoxygenation in a fluidized configuration could lead to the scale-up of an innovative upgrading reactor, a necessary processing step for biofuel production in future biorefineries.

传统原油储备的减少导致了非常规资源的产量增加，例如加拿大油砂的沥青和从生物质转化的燃料。在加拿大，估计可以使用可用技术从油砂中回收1680亿桶，同时增加世界各地的生物燃料研究反映了由于温室气体排放，能源多样化的优势以及常规化石燃料储量下降而引起的环境问题。与常规燃料相比，由生物量转化过程产生的生物油具有以下特性：较高的氧气含量，降低的加热价值，更大的粘度和化学不稳定性。沥青和生物油都需要升级工艺，以生产有价值的燃料和化学物质，类似于从常规原油中获得的化学物质。 向重油和保留升级的转变使得与流化床反应器中颗粒聚集的理解有关。众所周知，颗粒液液桥梁发生在流体探测器中，并有可能在水力发电器中发生，当前两个反应器目前都用于重油和保留升级。颗粒聚集会减少热量和传质，增强反应器污染，并可能导致脱流化。通过仔细选择连续和分散的液相，将研究相关相物理性能（例如，液体粘度，粒径，液体浓度，颗粒润湿性，颗粒性）对泥浆柱构型中的聚集严重程度和总体流体动力学的影响。这些实验研究将为升级反应堆中的团聚形成提供预测能力和缓解策略。 一个相似的互补目标是研究通过热解产生的生物油的加氢氧合动力学。先前的生物油升级途径发生在升高的温度（300至500°C），高氢压（5至20 MPa）上，通常在催化剂存在下，因此与水力发电物质共享相似之处。固定的床升级系统主要是研究，其中通常报告的问题是催化剂中毒，可乐形成和反应堆塞。由于改善的混合特性以及半连续催化剂添加/去除的潜力，将评估流化的配置以解决这些问题。反应动力学将使用独特的流化和感应加热的微反应器进行研究，以鉴定最佳反应条件（即温度，氢压，催化剂尺寸和成分）。在流化构型中生物油氢脱氧的有前途的动力学数据可能会导致创新升级反应堆的扩大，这是未来生物精制生物生产的必要处​​理步骤。