Cyclone fouling in fluid cokers: model development and adsorption experiments

流体焦化器中的旋流器结垢：模型开发和吸附实验

• 批准号: 505526-2016
• 负责人: Pjontek, Dominic
• 金额: $ 5.14万
• 依托单位: University of Western Ontario
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Collaborative Research and Development Grants
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=618285
• 关键词: Cyclone; fouling; fluid; cokers; model

The worldwide trend of light crude oil depletion due to increasing energy demands led to the viability and profitability of bitumen processing and upgrading. Global energy demand is expected to increase 48% by 2040. Although renewable energy sources are increasing, fossil fuels are anticipated to account for over 75% of the world's energy needs through 2040. Canada is a major source of liquid fossil fuels with 166 billion barrels of recoverable reserves in the oil sands. Fluid Coker reactors are used to upgrade bitumen into lighter products by injection onto a fluidized bed reactor of hot coke particles, required for the thermal cracking reactions. Fouling in the cyclones above the fluidized bed reduces the flow area in the gas outlet tubes, increasing the reactor and burner pressures. This pressure buildup requires a reduced feed rate due to the burner blower's maximum output, eventually leading to a shut-down. The main objective of the proposed research is to improve the unit reliability by proposing fouling mitigation strategies in the reactor cyclones using two research approaches. The first will develop a phenomenological model to predict cyclone fouling based on relevant fluid dynamic characteristics, vapour phase reactions, and vapour-liquid thermodynamic characteristics. The model will be used to predict the relative impacts of proposed mitigation strategies on areas of interest in the Fluid Coker reactors. The second approach will measure hydrocarbon vapour adsorption in a high temperature well-mixed batch system to determine the impact of coke surface characteristics. These measurements will establish the kinetics of hydrocarbon adsorption as well as the impact of molecular weight on preferential adsorption. The successful completion of this project will generate relevant experimental data and modeling methods to mitigate Fluid Coker cyclone fouling. Two MESc students will be trained during the project and will develop highly relevant skills to work in Canada's oil and energy industries. Lastly, when the process life cycle is considered, improved Fluid Coker energy efficiencies have a beneficial effect by reducing carbon dioxide emissions and economic loss.

由于能源需求增加而导致的轻原油耗尽的全球趋势导致沥青加工和升级的可行性和盈利能力。预计到2040年，全球能源需求预计将增加48％。尽管可再生能源正在增加，但预计到2040年，化石燃料预计将占世界能源需求的75％以上。加拿大是油砂中1660亿桶可回收储量的主要液体化石燃料的主要来源。流体Coker反应器用于通过将热焦颗粒的流化床反应器注入，这是热裂反应所需的。在流化床上方的旋风中污染可减少气体插座管中的流动面积，从而增加反应堆和燃烧器压力。由于燃烧器鼓风机的最大输出，这种压力积累需要降低进料速率，最终导致关闭。拟议研究的主要目的是通过使用两种研究方法在反应堆旋风中提出污染策略来提高单位可靠性。第一个将开发一个现象学模型，以根据相关的流体动态特征，蒸气相反应和蒸气 - 液体热力学特性来预测旋风结垢。该模型将用于预测所提出的缓解策略对流体Coker反应器感兴趣领域的相对影响。第二种方法将在高温良好的批处理系统中测量碳氢化合物蒸气的吸附，以确定可乐表面特征的影响。这些测量值将建立烃吸附的动力学以及分子量对优先吸附的影响。该项目的成功完成将生成相关的实验数据和建模方法，以减轻流体Coker Cyclone Fouling。在该项目期间，将对两名MESC学生进行培训，并将发展高度相关的技能，以在加拿大的石油和能源行业工作。最后，当考虑过程生命周期时，通过减少二氧化碳排放和经济损失，改善的流体Coker能量效率会产生有益的效果。