Model Studies in Orthopaedic Biomechanics

骨科生物力学模型研究

• 批准号: RGPIN-2016-06423
• 负责人: ShiraziAdl, Aboulfazl
• 金额: $ 2.4万
• 依托单位: École Polytechnique de Montréal
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2016-01-01 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=616301
• 关键词: Model; Studies; Orthopaedic; Biomechanics

Disorders in human musculoskeletal systems affect majority of population and are both the leading cause of sufferance and disability in people during their active working years and major concern for societies in terms of absenteeism and health care cost. Although the etiology of many of these disorders (e.g., low-back pain, arthritis, joint instability, deformity) is often a matter of uncertainty, there is ample evidence suggesting that mechanical factors play a prominent causative role. Identification of the role of mechanical factors in observed injuries, deformities and degenerative processes benefits broad segments of the society by reducing risks involved, improving quality of life, augmenting productivity and reducing health care cost especially when considering our ageing population. This proposal aims to continue on the realistic finite element model studies of the redundant human passive-active trunk and lower extremity neuro-musculoskeletal systems, lumbar spine, intervertebral discs, subchondral bone-articular cartilage structure and knee joint in intact, injured, degenerate and reconstructed conditions. These models carry out 3D coupled nonlinear active-passive transport, elastostatic, dynamic, viscoelastic, and multi-phasic analyses under various mechanical loading, muscle recruitment and postural/kinematics/boundary conditions. Our own in-house developed programs as well as commercially available package programs will extensively be used to complete the proposed studies. The foregoing biomechanical model studies in combination with in vivo and in vitro measurements (carried out by our group, our collaborators or taken from the literature) are expected to : (1) markedly advance our understanding of the functional biomechanics and stability of the human trunk, knee joint and their constituent components; (2) identify associated risk factors for injuries, failures and degenerative processes; (3) develop, examine and propose methods and standards to reduce/prevent injuries and to improve safer performance of occupational and recreational tasks; (4) investigate and improve current exercise therapy, performance enhancement and rehabilitation management programs as well as surgical replacement methods; and finally (5) analyse and improve designs of constructs and prosthetic replacement systems. The proposed investigations, while treating a wide range of novel and complex applications in orthopaedic biomechanics, will train highly qualified engineers and researchers that are much needed to effectively handle the current and future challenges (e.g., ageing, obesity, more active life-style, prevention, treatment, health-care cost) facing our society.

人类肌肉骨骼系统疾病影响大多数人口，是人们在积极工作期间受苦和残疾的主要原因，也是社会在缺勤和医疗保健费用方面的主要问题。尽管许多这些疾病的病因（例如，下背痛、关节炎、关节不稳定、畸形）通常是一个不确定的问题，但有充分的证据表明，机械因素起着突出的致病作用。识别机械因素在观察到的损伤、畸形和退化过程中的作用，通过降低所涉及的风险、提高生活质量、提高生产力和降低医疗保健成本，特别是考虑到我们的人口老龄化，使社会的广泛阶层受益。该提案旨在继续对冗余人体被动-主动躯干和下肢神经肌肉骨骼系统、腰椎、椎间盘、软骨下骨-关节软骨结构和膝关节在完整、损伤、退化和重建条件下的现实有限元模型研究。这些模型在各种机械负荷、肌肉募集和姿势/运动学/边界条件下进行3D耦合非线性主动-被动运输、弹性静力学、动态、粘弹性和多相分析。我们自己开发的程序以及市售的软件包程序将广泛用于完成拟议的研究。 上述生物力学模型研究结合体内和体外测量（由我们的小组，我们的合作者或从文献中提取）预计：（1）显着提高我们对人体躯干，膝关节及其组成部件的功能生物力学和稳定性的理解;（2）识别损伤，失败和退行性过程的相关风险因素;（3）开发、检查和提出方法和标准，以减少/预防损伤，并提高职业和娱乐任务的安全性能;（4）调查和改进当前的运动疗法、性能增强和康复管理计划以及手术置换方法;最后（5）分析和改进结构和假体置换系统的设计。 拟议的调查，同时处理广泛的新颖和复杂的应用，在骨科生物力学，将培养高素质的工程师和研究人员，是非常需要有效地处理当前和未来的挑战（例如，老龄化、肥胖、更积极的生活方式、预防、治疗、保健费用）。