Model Studies in Orthopaedic Biomechanics

骨科生物力学模型研究

• 批准号: RGPIN-2022-03356
• 负责人: ShiraziAdl, Aboulfazl
• 金额: $ 2.33万
• 依托单位: École Polytechnique de Montréal
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=754509
• 关键词: Model; Studies; Orthopaedic; Biomechanics

Disorders in human musculoskeletal systems affect the majority of the population and are both a leading cause of sufferance and disability in people during their active working years and a major concern for the society in terms of absenteeism and growing health care costs. Although the etiology of many of these disorders (e.g., low-back pain, osteoarthritis, fractures, joint instabilities, injuries, deformities) is often a matter of uncertainty, there is ample evidence supporting the causative role of mechanical factors. Identification of the role of mechanical factors in observed injuries, deformities and degenerative processes benefits not only the growing biomedical industry but also broad segments of the society by mitigating risks involved, improving quality of life, augmenting productivity and reducing health care costs. This proposal presents realistic and complex finite element model studies of the redundant human trunk and lower extremity (knee joint) neuro-musculoskeletal systems, intervertebral discs, menisci, articular cartilage and ligaments in intact, injured, degenerate and reconstructed conditions. These biomechanical investigations involve 3D coupled nonlinear active-passive stability, transport, elastostatic/dynamics and multi-phasic analyses under various mechanical loading, muscle recruitment patterns and postural/kinematics/boundary conditions. Our own in-house developed finite element programs as well as available software, datasets and models will be used to complete the proposed studies. The proposed in silico biomechanical model studies in combination with in vivo and in vitro measurements (carried out by our group, our collaborators or taken from the literature) are intended to : (1) markedly advance our understanding of the functional biomechanics and structural stability of the human trunk, knee joint and their constituent components in various activities; (2) identify biomechanical risk factors in injuries, failures, malfunctions and degenerative processes; (3) develop, examine and propose methods, techniques and standards to mitigate injuries, improve safety in occupational, sports and recreational activities and expedite return to work; (4) investigate and improve exercise therapies, performance enhancement and rehabilitation management programs; and finally (5) analyze and improve designs of passive-active assistive/corrective devices (exoskeletons, foot wears, braces), constructs and prosthetic replacement systems. The proposed investigations, while covering a wide range of novel and complex applications in orthopaedics and sports biomechanics, will train highly qualified engineers and researchers that are much needed to effectively respond to the current and future challenges (e.g., ageing, obesity, more active lifestyle, prevention/ treatment measures, rehabilitation, sports injuries, absenteeism, return to and stay at work, health-care cost) facing our society and the biomedical industry.

人类肌肉骨骼系统疾病影响大多数人口，是人们在积极工作期间受苦和残疾的主要原因，也是社会在缺勤和日益增长的医疗保健费用方面的主要问题。尽管许多这些疾病的病因（例如，下背痛、骨关节炎、骨折、关节不稳定、损伤、畸形）通常是一个不确定的问题，但有充分的证据支持机械因素的致病作用。确定机械因素在观察到的损伤、畸形和退行性过程中的作用不仅有利于不断发展的生物医学产业，而且有利于社会的广泛阶层，因为它们可以减轻所涉及的风险、提高生活质量、提高生产力和降低医疗保健成本。该提案提出了现实和复杂的有限元模型研究的冗余人体躯干和下肢（膝关节）神经肌肉骨骼系统，椎间盘，椎间盘，关节软骨和韧带的完整，受伤，退化和重建的条件。这些生物力学研究涉及3D耦合非线性主动-被动稳定性，运输，弹性静力学/动力学和各种机械负荷下的多相分析，肌肉招募模式和姿势/运动学/边界条件。我们自己开发的有限元程序以及可用的软件，数据集和模型将用于完成拟议的研究。结合体内和体外测量的拟议计算机生物力学模型研究（由本小组、合作者或从文献中摘录）旨在：（1）显著提高我们对人体躯干、膝关节及其组成部件在各种活动中的功能生物力学和结构稳定性的理解;（2）确定损伤、故障、功能失常和退化过程中的生物力学风险因素;（3）制定、审查和提出方法、技术和标准，以减轻损伤，改善职业、体育和娱乐活动的安全，并加快重返工作岗位;（4）研究和改进运动疗法、性能增强和康复管理计划;（5）分析和改进被动-主动辅助/矫正设备（外骨骼、足部穿戴、支架）、结构和假肢置换系统的设计。拟议的调查，同时涵盖广泛的新颖和复杂的应用，在骨科和运动生物力学，将培养高素质的工程师和研究人员，是非常需要有效地应对当前和未来的挑战（例如，老龄化、肥胖、更积极的生活方式、预防/治疗措施、康复、运动损伤、缺勤、重返工作岗位和继续工作、保健费用）。