An ultrahigh-speed camera to unlock the behaviour of rapid landslides, impulse waves, fracture propagation, and superhydrophobic surfaces

超高速相机可解锁快速滑坡、冲击波、裂缝扩展和超疏水表面的行为

• 批准号: RTI-2017-00162
• 负责人: Take, William
• 金额: $ 10.38万
• 依托单位: Queen's University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Research Tools and Instruments
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2016-01-01 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=616576
• 关键词: ultrahigh; speed; camera; unlock; behaviour

Sometimes a physical process occurs so rapidly that our eye and conventional video cameras (even previous generation high-speed video cameras) cannot see it. Rapid advances over the past decade in ultrahigh-speed imaging now permit cameras to be sold commercially that can record image frames at speeds of 10,000 - 1,000,000 frames per second. These so-called ultrahigh-speed imaging cameras now permit scientists and engineers to investigate and better understand rapid phenomena. This NSERC RTI proposal aims to enhance the discovery, innovation and training capability of four world class laboratories at Queen’s University by supporting the purchase of an ultrahigh-speed camera urgently needed by their graduate student researchers to investigate the mechanics of high-speed phenomena in their respective fields of research including, rapid landslides, tsunamis generated by an impact event, pre-failure fracture development and post yield energy release in rock, and the development of superhydrophobic surfaces. This camera will permit world-class training as the student researchers in these labs use the image frames and advanced image analysis techniques to: -unlock the mystery of why some landslides travel much faster and further than others to protect human life and infrastructure, -obtain the data needed to develop predictive models to estimate the maximum size and travel distance of the highly destructive waves generated by a landslide plunging into a lake or hydroelectric reservoir, -gain improved fundamental understanding of the process of fracture in brittle rocks to provide guidance on the zone of damaged rock to be expected in deep nuclear waste storage facilities during construction and to understand the energy release mechanisms during rockbursting in deep tunnels, and -develop new highly water repelling coatings for a vast number of applications such as windscreens and aeronautical components. These applications will push forward our fundamental understanding of these high-speed phenomena, and will have tangible benefits for the Canadian economy in terms of the knowledge and products produced, the development of world-class expertise in the student trainees making them highly sought after by the Canadian consulting services industry, and the management of geohazard risks in Canada.

有时候，物理过程发生得太快，以至于我们的眼睛和传统的摄像机（甚至是上一代的高速摄像机）都无法看到它。过去十年来，超高速成像技术的快速发展使得可以以每秒10，000 - 1，000，000帧的速度记录图像帧的摄像机能够在商业上销售。这些所谓的超高速成像相机现在允许科学家和工程师调查和更好地了解快速现象。该NSERC RTI提案旨在通过支持购买其研究生研究人员迫切需要的超高速相机来提高皇后大学四个世界级实验室的发现，创新和培训能力，以调查各自研究领域中高速现象的力学，包括快速滑坡，撞击事件产生的海啸，岩石中破坏前的裂缝发展和屈服后的能量释放，以及超疏水表面的发展。这台相机将允许世界一流的培训，因为这些实验室的学生研究人员使用图像帧和先进的图像分析技术： - 解开为什么有些山体滑坡比其他山体滑坡更快更远的奥秘，以保护人类生命和基础设施， - 获得开发预测模型所需的数据，以估计滑坡冲入湖泊或水电站水库所产生的高度破坏性波浪的最大大小和传播距离， - 加深对脆性岩石破裂过程的基本了解，以便为建造期间深层核废料储存设施中预期的岩石受损区域提供指导，并了解深层隧道中岩爆时的能量释放机制， - 开发新的高防水涂料，用于挡风玻璃和航空部件等大量应用。 这些应用将推动我们对这些高速现象的基本理解，并将在知识和产品方面为加拿大经济带来实实在在的好处，在学生培训中发展世界一流的专业知识，使他们受到加拿大咨询服务行业的高度追捧，以及加拿大地质灾害风险的管理。