Lot-level practices to control urban flood risk and mitigate basement flooding in Canada

加拿大控制城市洪水风险和减轻地下室洪水的地段实践

• 批准号: 506195-2016
• 负责人: Binns, Andrew
• 金额: $ 3.07万
• 依托单位: University of Guelph
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Collaborative Research and Development Grants
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=618076
• 关键词: Lot; level; practices; control; urban

Water damage due to basement flooding is one of the largest sources of home insurance claims in Canada. A drastic increase in economic damages associated with basement flooding has been observed in recent years. Today, it is estimated that approximately $1.8 billion in insured losses for water damage due to basement flooding is incurred every year in Canada. The sensitivity to basement flooding and increased insured losses are exacerbated by the increase in frequency and magnitude of extreme precipitation events, urbanization and changes in land-use, and the age and condition of municipal infrastructure (e.g., sewer systems). Basement flooding, which primarily occurs due to inadequate sanitary or storm sewer systems or insufficient foundation and lot drainage systems, can result from infiltration, overland flooding and sewer backup. Numerous factors influence the occurrence of basement flooding, including stormwater management infrastructure and lot-level technologies or approaches that protect homes from basement flooding. Lot-level approaches can include foundation drainage systems (e.g., weeping tile systems) to reduce the occurrence of infiltration flooding, low impact development measures (e.g., bio-swales, infiltration trenches, etc.) to reduce the occurrence of overland flooding, and backwater valves to reduce the occurrence of sewer backup. The goal of this research is to evaluate the performance of various technologies and approaches to reduce the risk of occurrence of basement flooding. In particular, this research will investigate the performance of backwater valves to reduce the risk of basement flooding due to sewer surcharge and evaluate the effect of low impact development measures on improved urban drainage and sewer network response to extreme events. Results will be of relevance to insurance companies, municipalities, the plumbing industry, engineering consulting companies and Canadian homeowners. This research will assist in developing Canadian homes and communities that are more resilient to the adverse effects of urban flooding events and will seek to reduce the economic damages experienced as a result of basement flooding.

由于地下室洪水造成的水损害是加拿大房屋保险索赔的最大来源之一。近年来，与地下室洪水有关的经济损失急剧增加。今天，据估计，加拿大每年因地下室洪水造成的水损害保险损失约为18亿美元。极端降水事件的频率和强度的增加、城市化和土地使用的变化以及市政基础设施的年龄和状况（例如，下水道系统）。地下室洪水主要是由于卫生或雨水下水道系统不足或地基和地段排水系统不足造成的，可能是由于渗透、地面洪水和下水道备用造成的。许多因素影响地下室洪水的发生，包括雨水管理基础设施和地段级技术或保护房屋免受地下室洪水的方法。批次级方法可包括地基排水系统（例如，渗水瓦系统）以减少渗透洪水的发生，低影响开发措施（例如，生物洼地、渗透沟等）以减少陆上洪水的发生，以及回水阀以减少下水道备用的发生。本研究的目的是评估各种技术和方法的性能，以减少发生地下室洪水的风险。特别是，本研究将调查回水阀的性能，以减少地下室洪水的风险，由于下水道超载，并评估低影响的发展措施，改善城市排水和下水道网络响应极端事件的影响。结果将与保险公司、市政当局、管道行业、工程咨询公司和加拿大房主有关。这项研究将有助于发展加拿大家庭和社区，使其更能抵御城市洪水事件的不利影响，并将寻求减少地下室洪水造成的经济损失。