Biochemical and imaging studies on type III secretion mechanisms

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Project Summary - The aim of this research is to understand the mechanisms of how bacteria use a specialized secretion apparatus called the type III secretion system as a way to colonize host animals. This secretion system injects dozens of bacterial proteins directly into host cells so that the bacteria can use these cells for their growth. Disabling the secretion system renders the bacteria unable to colonize their hosts and so understanding how this system works at a molecular level is important. We study type III secretion systems in bacteria that contaminate food and water supplies in Canada, as well as helpful bacteria that live in animals, in order to understand fundamental aspects of cell biology and bacterial ecology. Our focus has been on specialized bacterial proteins called chaperones that we believe help the type III secretion system function properly.Impact and Outcomes - The type III secretion system is a widespread colonization factor in the bacterial world. This research will positively influence a number of areas where bacterial colonization has impact, including food and water safety, understanding commensal bacteria in domesticated food animals, and mutualism where bacterial colonization is essential for host survival. These are important knowledge areas for Canada and abroad. This research program is an outstanding opportunity for biochemistry trainees at all levels to learn cutting-edge technologies in the life sciences, leaving them with marketable high-tech skills for future advancement in the sciences, whether in academia, government, or private sectors.