Cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying single-cell C4 photosynthesis in Chenopodiaceae species

藜科物种单细胞 C4 光合作用的细胞和分子机制

• 批准号: RGPIN-2017-04416
• 负责人: Chuong, Simon
• 金额: $ 2.04万
• 依托单位: University of Waterloo
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=630367
• 关键词: Cellular; molecular; mechanisms; underlying; single

Plants and photosynthetic organisms such as algae perform the most important biological process known as photosynthesis that converts atmospheric CO2 into organic products essential for growth and development of all forms of life. In terrestrial plants, three modes of photosynthesis, C3, C4 and Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM), have been identified with C4 and CAM plants being the most efficient under CO2 limiting conditions. For more than forty years, it has been widely accepted that the C4 photosynthesis requires the interaction of two cell types known as Kranz anatomy, each has distinct chloroplast ultrastructure and biochemistry. This Kranz paradigm was recently challenged with findings that four members of family Chenopodiaceae perform C4 photosynthetic pathway within individual cells. These chenopod species achieve novel means for performing the C4 photosynthesis in a single cell by partitioning of major organelles and key photosynthetic enzymes into two separate intracellular cytoplasmic subcompartments. Thus, these unique species provide ideal model systems with which to examine the regulatory factors controlling the development of complex structural and functional polarity in a single plant cell.

植物和藻类等光合生物进行最重要的生物过程，称为光合作用，将大气中的二氧化碳转化为所有生命形式生长和发育所必需的有机产品。在陆生植物中，已经确定了三种光合作用模式，C3，C4和景天科酸代谢（CAM），其中C4和CAM植物在CO2限制条件下最有效。四十多年来，人们普遍认为C4光合作用需要两种细胞类型的相互作用，称为Kranz解剖学，每种细胞都具有不同的叶绿体超微结构和生物化学。最近，这一Kranz范式受到了挑战，因为发现藜科的四个成员在单个细胞内执行C4光合途径。这些藜科物种实现了新的手段进行C4光合作用在一个单一的细胞中的主要细胞器和关键的光合酶到两个单独的细胞内细胞质亚室的分区。因此，这些独特的物种提供了理想的模型系统，以检查在一个单一的植物细胞中控制复杂的结构和功能极性的发展的调节因子。