High-resolution genotype-phenotype map of speciation and adaptation

了解突变、随机遗传漂变和自然选择如何与生态因素相互作用以推动进化是生物学中最大的挑战之一。实现这一目标需要我们了解基因的变化如何导致表型的变化。这种基因型-表型映射涉及在基因型（DNA）和适应性之间的中间水平（转录物、蛋白质、代谢物、细胞网络）上绘制表型变化及其潜在分子基础之间的机械联系。基因型转化为表型的机制本身，沿着进化的力量，如突变和自然选择，是进化过程中可能使用和将使用的解决方案的主要决定因素。我的目标是研究基因组和细胞网络如何在进化过程中发生变化，以及细胞网络的结构本身如何在与环境变化的相互作用中影响进化过程。我将通过结合两种方法来实现这一目标。第一个是前瞻性的，将使用实验进化。我将测试有关蜂窝网络架构在塑造适应和物种形成中的作用以及适应和物种形成在塑造蜂窝网络中的作用的假设。我的模型系统将是

Understanding how mutations, random genetic drift and natural selection interact with ecological factors to drive evolution is one of the greatest challenges in biology. Achieving this goal requires that we understand how changes in genes lead to changes in phenotypes. This genotype-to-phenotype mapping involves drawing mechanistic links between phenotypic changes and their underlying molecular bases at intermediate levels (transcripts, proteins, metabolites, cellular networks) between the genotype (DNA) and fitness. The mechanisms by which genotypes are translated into phenotypes is itself, along with evolutionary forces such as mutation and natural selection, a major determinant of what solutions are possible and will be used during evolution. My objective is to examine how genomes and cellular networks change during evolution and how the architecture of cellular networks can itself influence the course of evolution in interaction with environmental changes. I will reach this objective by combining two approaches. The first one is prospective and will use experimental evolution. I will test hypotheses regarding the role of cellular network architecture in shaping adaptation and speciation and the role of adaptation and speciation in shaping cellular networks. My model system will be the budding yeast