Mechanisms of skeletal muscle repair and satellite cell regulation

骨骼肌修复和卫星细胞调节机制

• 批准号: RGPIN-2016-05747
• 负责人: Johnston, Adam
• 金额: $ 1.82万
• 依托单位: University of Prince Edward Island
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=630450
• 关键词: Mechanisms; skeletal; muscle; repair; satellite

Skeletal muscle displays incredible complexity and is comprised of many diverse cell types including muscle fibers, vasculature, stroma and neural cells. This cellular multiplicity endows muscle tissue with significant plasticity and the ability to remodel these cellular constituents in response to varied forms of muscle contraction. Additionally, skeletal muscle is one of the few adult organs with the remarkable ability to regenerate de novo tissue following trauma or strenuous muscle contraction. As muscle fibers are terminally differentiated (and not capable of cell division), this process is accomplished, at least in part, by the activity of muscle resident stem cells termed “satellite cells” (SCs). SCs respond to contraction or myotrauma by enhancing their activity through cell proliferation and ultimately fuse with existing muscle fibres to supply nuclei capable of synthesizing or repairing damaged muscle proteins. However, our understanding of the factors that influence SCs and their relationship to muscle physiology is incomplete, especially in human muscle.

骨骼肌具有令人难以置信的复杂性，由许多不同的细胞类型组成，包括肌纤维、血管系统、基质和神经细胞。这种细胞多样性赋予肌肉组织显著的可塑性和重塑这些细胞成分的能力，以响应各种形式的肌肉收缩。此外，骨骼肌是在创伤或剧烈肌肉收缩后具有显著的从头组织再生能力的少数成人器官之一。由于肌纤维是终末分化的（并且不能进行细胞分裂），该过程至少部分地通过称为“卫星细胞”（SC）的肌肉驻留干细胞的活性来完成。SC通过细胞增殖增强其活性来响应收缩或肌肉创伤，并最终与现有的肌纤维融合，以提供能够合成或修复受损肌肉蛋白的细胞核。然而，我们对影响SC的因素及其与肌肉生理学的关系的理解是不完整的，特别是在人类肌肉中。