Numerical plasma physics for the beauty of complexity and for novel applications

数值等离子体物理的复杂性和新颖的应用

• 批准号: RGPIN-2016-05513
• 负责人: Vidal, François
• 金额: $ 1.97万
• 依托单位: Institut national de la recherche scientifique
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=633180
• 关键词: Numerical; plasma; physics; beauty; complexity

Plasmas have an incredibly wide range of scientific and practical applications in our modern societies, ranging from astrophysics to nanofabrication, and from nuclear fusion to sterilization of medical instruments, surface functionalization and home lighting. Plasmas are known to be very complex due to the interaction between several particle species, including positively and negatively charged ions, atoms, molecules, radicals, electrons, photons, and eventually nanoparticles, and to its high responsivity to self-induced and external electromagnetic fields, including laser fields. In particular, electrons, due to their small mass, generally have a complicated energy distribution but knowing it is essential to quantify most critical processes taking place in plasmas. For this reason, numerical modeling has always been an intrinsic and essential component of plasma physics. This research program aims at developing further several aspects of numerical plasma physics, some of which are already ongoing and done in collaboration with experimentalists. The planned research relates particularly to time-dependent discharge plasmas and to laser-plasma interaction, at both high and low intensity. The benefits of this research will include for instance the understanding (i) of pulsed plasma discharges, which show different properties with respect to stationary plasmas, (ii) of the growth and transport processes of nanoparticles in magnetized plasmas for applications to surface functionalization, astrophysics and space science, (iii) of ultrashort laser pulse amplification for accessing new ultra-high intensity regimes, and (iv) of laser-induced plasma spectroscopy for mining exploration.

等离子体在我们现代社会中具有令人难以置信的广泛科学和实际应用，从天体物理学到纳米纤维，从核聚变到医疗器械的消毒，表面功能化和家庭照明。已知等离子体是非常复杂的，这是由于若干粒子种类（包括带正电荷和负电荷的离子、原子、分子、自由基、电子、光子以及最终的纳米粒子）之间的相互作用，以及由于其对自感和外部电磁场（包括激光场）的高响应性。特别是，电子由于质量小，通常具有复杂的能量分布，但知道量化等离子体中发生的大多数关键过程至关重要。因此，数值模拟一直是等离子体物理学的内在和重要组成部分。该研究计划旨在进一步发展数值等离子体物理学的几个方面，其中一些已经在进行中，并与实验学家合作完成。计划中的研究特别涉及随时间变化的放电等离子体和高强度和低强度的激光-等离子体相互作用。这项研究的好处将包括例如理解（i）脉冲等离子体放电，其显示相对于静止等离子体的不同性质，（ii）纳米颗粒在磁化等离子体中的生长和运输过程，以应用于表面功能化，天体物理学和空间科学，（iii）超短激光脉冲放大，以获得新的超高强度制度，及（iv）激光诱导等离子体光谱法用于采矿勘探。