Multi-scale controls of soil water dynamics and connectivity

土壤水动态和连通性的多尺度控制

• 批准号: RGPIN-2014-04100
• 负责人: Biswas, Asim
• 金额: $ 2.11万
• 依托单位: University of Guelph
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=634174
• 关键词: Multi; scale; controls; soil; water

Although soil water represents <0.001 of water in the global hydrological cycle, it is a life-sustaining resource for all inhabitants of Earth’s terrestrial ecosystems. Food, fiber and fuel production is strongly dependent on the availability of soil water for plants. It also determines various ecosystem services such as food and freshwater, regulates flood, and controls the solubility and transport of agrochemicals and wastes (via runoff). Understanding how storage and transport of soil water and soluble materials within the soil water (e.g. nutrients, agrochemicals) occurs requires knowledge about how fast water travels (as surface and subsurface runoff) and which path it takes to reach streams and rivers. However, these processes are often disrupted by preferential flow paths that create (dis)connection between different points. I refer this (dis)connection in transport processes as ‘soil water connectivity’. Examining the connectivity is essential for a number of important fundamental and applied problems that have emerged in the geoscience including the role of soil water dynamics in global water cycle and protection of surface water bodies from pollution.The proposed research focuses on the connectivity of soil water within the vadose zone (root zone) and will use advanced field and laboratory based tools and computer models. During this grant period, my core research questions are: 1) what exactly is connectivity, 2) how can we define, measure, and model connectivity, and 3) can we relate the connectivity to recent research? These questions will be examined through four testable hypotheses in studies conducted by 3 PhD and 2 MSc students with the help of 4 undergraduate summer interns over the next 5 year.These studies will 1) better define the dynamics of soil water connectivity at different scales within a catchment which will lead to soil water being included in more hydrologic, climate and land-surface models and 2) show the critical nature of soil water for flood management (through the onset of runoff, flow connections), diffuse pollution mitigation and thus the improvement of environmental health. Over the long term, the research program will address fundamental questions about vadose zone hydrological dynamics at multiple spatial/temporal scales and their participation in the global water cycle. This research program will maintain and build Canada’s profile in water resources management, which is particularly relevant today due to the global concern about sustaining the supply of potable water and protecting fresh water bodies from pollution, for human and environmental health.

尽管土壤水在全球氢化周期中代表<0.001的水，但它是地球陆地生态系统所有影响的生命维持的资源。食物，纤维和燃料的产量在很大程度上取决于植物的土壤水的可用性。它还决定了各种生态系统服务，例如食品和淡水，调节洪水，并控制农业化学和废物的溶解度和运输（通过径流）。了解土壤水和固体材料在土壤水中的储存和运输（例如养分，农产品）如何需要了解水的速度（作为地面和地下径流）以及到达溪流和河流所需的路径。但是，这些过程通常会受到在不同点之间创建（DIS）连接的首选流路径的破坏。我将这种（DIS）连接在运输过程中称为“土壤水连接”。检查连通性对于地球科学中出现的许多重要的基本问题和应用问题至关重要，包括土壤水动态在全球水周期中的作用以及对地表水体免受污染的保护。拟议的研究集中于瓦多斯区域内（根区域）内的土壤水连通性，并将使用基于先进的现场和实验室的工具和计算机模型和计算机模型。在此赠款期间，我的核心研究问题是：1）连接到底是什么，2）我们如何定义，测量和模型连接性，以及3）我们可以将连接与最近的研究联系起来吗？这些问题将通过在接下来的5年中在4个博士学位和2名MSC学生进行的研究中进行的四个可检验的假设进行检查。在接下来的5年中，这些问题将在4个本科暑期实习生的帮助下进行。1）更好地定义了流域内不同规模的土壤水连通性的动态，这将导致土壤水的流通泛滥和土壤的流行量（2），这将导致土壤水的运行，并在水中泛滥的模型中泛滥（2），这是水的流量，2）洪水泛滥，这是洪水泛滥的洪水（2）。连接），弥漫性污染缓解，从而改善了环境健康。从长远来看，该研究计划将解决有关多个空间/时间尺度上vadose区水文动力学的基本问题及其参与全球水周期。该研究计划将维持和建立加拿大在水资源管理方面的概况，这在今天尤其重要，因为全球对饮用水的供应并保护淡水体免受人类和环境健康的污染。