Nonlinear analysis tools for rapid assessment of structural resilience

用于快速评估结构弹性的非线性分析工具

• 批准号: 249975-2013
• 负责人: Bentz, Evan
• 金额: $ 1.75万
• 依托单位: University of Toronto
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=636458
• 关键词: Nonlinear; analysis; tools; rapid; assessment

In 2011, large earthquakes and natural disasters in Christchurch, New Zealand, and Japan demonstrated that existing structures are not yet sufficiently resilient to survive extreme events. One thing that was learned from both disasters but particularly from the New Zealand one is that immediately after a major event, there is significant confusion about which reinforced and prestressed concrete structures can be immediately returned to service, which should be temporarily closed and which should be permanently closed and demolished. Why this is of critical importance is that additional events, such as aftershocks, will occur after the initial event and can cause damaged buildings to collapse. In this project it is proposed develop an analysis tool that will allow rapid assessment of the safety of structures after an extreme event has occurred. To do this, the analysis needs to have a carefully reduced number of equations to solve as existing methods, while generally accurate, take too long to perform for after-the-event calculations that are desired. Recent advances allow this type of efficiency to be capitalized on for the first time for structural analysis and design. In addition to allowing rapid diagnosis of structural problems, the same tool will allow design engineers to engage in performance based design. This means that more innovative structural systems can be numerically experimented with to determine how newer designs and newer materials, such as FRP, will affect the overall structure. This project will employ six students over 5 years to develop the system and then use it to further their knowledge of structural behaviour. This will make the Canadian engineering firms that employ them, and which use the new tools, better able to compete in the global engineering market.

2011年，新西兰克赖斯特彻奇和日本发生的大地震和自然灾害表明，现有结构尚不足以在极端事件中幸存下来。从这两次灾难中，特别是从新西兰那次灾难中学到的一件事是，重大事件发生后，人们对哪些钢筋和预应力混凝土结构可以立即恢复使用，哪些应该暂时关闭，哪些应该永久关闭和拆除，存在着严重的困惑。这一点至关重要的原因是，在最初的地震之后，还会发生余震等其他事件，并可能导致受损的建筑物倒塌。在这个项目中，建议开发一种分析工具，以便在极端事件发生后能够快速评估结构的安全性。要做到这一点，分析需要仔细减少要求解的方程数量，因为现有方法虽然总体上是准确的，但对于所需的事后计算来说，执行时间太长。最近的进展使这种类型的效率第一次被用于结构分析和设计。除了允许快速诊断结构问题外，该工具还将允许设计工程师进行基于性能的设计。这意味着可以对更具创新性的结构体系进行数值试验，以确定较新的设计和较新的材料(如玻璃钢)将如何影响整体结构。这个项目将在5年内雇用6名学生来开发该系统，然后使用它来加深他们对结构行为的知识。这将使雇用它们和使用新工具的加拿大工程公司能够更好地在全球工程市场上竞争。