Load demand management with high renewable energy penetration in distribution systems

分布式可再生资源(DRR)在根本上不同于传统资源和化石燃料资源。它们的来源(特别是风速和太阳辐射)无法控制或储存。此外，可再生能源发电由于其高度间歇性，往往与消费者的负荷需求不是实时相关的。这可能导致电力系统不稳定的主要原因之一。鉴于这些DRR(50%-60%)对未来电网的渗透率不断增加，即使是传统发电厂也很难有效参与，对维持电网的稳定产生很大影响。在这种DRRS普及率高的改造电网结构中，实时预测和控制整个电网的总发电量将成为一项真正具有挑战性的任务。电网的运行将更加谨慎地根据DRRS发电量而不是用户负荷需求进行管理。可能出现的主要问题是闪变、凹陷、隆起及其谐波含量、频率控制等方面的电压失真增加。为了解决这些问题，文献中提出了解决这些问题的方法，如增加备用DG机组的额定功率和使用存储系统来维持实时负荷需求不足。

Distributed Renewable Resources (DRRs) differ from conventional and fossil-fired resources in a fundamental way. Their sources (wind velocity and solar radiation in particular) cannot be controlled or stored. Further, renewable power generation often does not correlate with consumer load demand in real time due to its high intermittency. It may lead to one of the main causes of destabilizing the power system. In light of increased penetrations of these DRRs (50-60%) with the future grid, it will be difficult even for conventional power plants to participate effectively with great impact in maintaining stability of the network. In such reformed grid structure with high DRRs penetration, it will become a real challenging task to instantaneously predict and control total power generation in the entire grid. The operation of power grid will be more deliberately governed on the basis of DRRs generation rather than consumer loads demand. The main problems which may arise are increased voltage distortions in terms of flicker, sag, swell and its harmonic contents, frequency control etc. To solve such problems, solutions are presented in literature, such as, increased rating of a stand-by DG unit and employing storage system for maintaining deficit real time load demands.