Hybrid storage system based compact power converter modules for standalone system

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In present time, most of the power generation utilities in the north of Canada use only diesel generators (DGs) to satisfy their needs for electrical power. Usually, DGs uses oil as a primary source, which is relatively inefficient, very expensive to transport, and responsible for the emission of large amounts of greenhouse gases (GHG). To overcome these drawbacks and ensure uninterruptible power supply with high power quality improvement, as well as, with reduced cost, hybrid standalone power generating system using wind turbine, solar PV array and Hydro is advocated. Usually, most of renewable energy sources suffers with the intermittency in nature. To solve this problem and ensure uninterruptable power supply to the local load, battery energy storage system (BESS) is required. Indeed, lead-acid battery technology is widely used because of its low cost. However, it possesses limitations such as, low energy density and a limited number of charge/discharge cycles. Furthermore, these batteries may damage by a poor charging control results in overcharging. In addition, lead acid battery is typically rated at 77F (25C°). The low and high ambient temperatures also affect the performance, lifespan, as well as recommended charging voltages. To solve these problems related to the lifespan of lead-acid batteries, energy density, and profitability of the system, hybrid storage system (lead-acid batteries and super-capacitors) is advised. Furthermore, advanced control algorithms are required to control the power among various sources. The design of the controller is also required to achieve high efficiency and to extend the lifespan of batteries with the generating system.