Development of control techniques for renewable energy sources, integration with utility grid, and implementation by interfacing with real time digital simulator

风能和太阳能由于其免费提供和清洁可再生的特点，被列为最有前途的能源，可以在解决世界能源危机方面发挥关键作用。加拿大的风能增长率每年约为70%。这都是因为环境问题，需求增加，单个单元规模增加，行业成熟，从而降低了制造成本。因此，开发先进的控制技术变得越来越重要，以便可再生资源与电网的整合更加可靠和高效，并且没有电能质量问题。在该提议中，研究将针对具有转子侧控制的双馈感应发电机（AST-DFIG）的可调速涡轮机（AST），因为功率转换器仅需要处理滑差功率，滑差功率可以是总风力涡轮机的30%的量级，因此降低了所需的其它控制设备的所需容量。这导致了大量的储蓄。同样，与光伏（PV）系统相关的核心技术是最大功率点跟踪（MPPT）和逆变器单元，该逆变器单元将太阳能输出转换为与公用电网兼容的电力。将努力采用超级电容器进行能量储存。测试将使用在与可再生能源接口的真实的时间数字仿真器（RTDS）上仿真的更真实的电力网络来完成，可再生能源由真实的开关设备和控制系统制造。因此，进行的测试将更加详尽和可信。这种实验室测试以前从未报道过可再生能源。简要目标：1）构思、分析/评估、制造/测试合适的转换器/逆变器拓扑及其控制，用于AST-DFIG的转子侧控制和PV系统的MPPT和电流整形控制。2)在真实的时间数字仿真器（RTDS）上仿真电力系统网络，将步骤（1）中开发的可再生能源系统与RTDS接口，并进行性能评估。

Wind and solar energies, due to their free availability and clean and renewable character, ranks as the most promising energy resource that could play a key role in solving the world energy crisis. Wind energy growth is exploding at about 70% per year in Canada. This is all because of environmental concerns, increased demand, increased scale of individual unit, maturation of the industry, and hence the reduced cost of manufacturing. Therefore, it is becoming more and more important to develop advanced control techniques so that the integration of renewable resources with the grid is more reliable and efficient and free from power quality problems. In this proposal, research will be directed towards adjustable speed turbines (AST) with doubly fed induction generator (AST-DFIG) with rotor side control because the power converters only need to handle slip power, which may be to the order of 30% of total wind turbine hence reducing the required capacity of other control equipment needed. It results in large savings. Similarly, the core technology associated with photovoltaic (PV) systems is maximum power point tracking (MPPT) and an inverter unit that converts the solar output electrically compatible with the utility grid. Efforts will be made to incorporate ultra capacitor for energy storage. Testing will be done with more realistic power network simulated on real time digital simulator (RTDS) interfaced with the renewable energy sources fabricated with real switching devices and control systems. Therefore, the testing performed will be more exhaustive and credible. This kind of laboratory testing has never been reported before with renewable sources. Brief objectives: 1) Conceive, analyze/evaluate, fabricate/test proper converter/inverter topology and its control for rotor side control of AST-DFIG and control for MPPT and current shaping for PV system. 2) Simulate a power system network on real time digital simulator (RTDS), interface the renewable energy source systems developed in step (1)  with RTDS and do performance evaluation.