Landscape indicators for monitoring aquatic ecosystem health in urban systems

大温哥华地区为当地政府提供饮用水和废水处理等核心公用事业服务，并规划发展和区域公园。城市马赛克中土地覆盖类型和尺度的多样性导致城市和其他土地覆盖类别的制图错误率相对较高，这可能成为城市规划的一个问题。我们最初的ENGAGE项目涉及对先进遥感技术的详细调查，特别是高空间分辨率的RAPIDEYE以及光探测和测距（LIDAR），以极高的空间分辨率（<5米）绘制城市土地覆盖图，这是大温哥华地区从未有过的水平。在此基础上，我们希望通过ENGAGE plus扩展研究，调查RapidEye和LiDAR在城市地区监测水生系统的使用。城市地区土地利用和土地覆盖（LULC）的变化对雨水径流、污染物流动和城市河流健康具有根本性影响。越来越多的不透水（铺砌的）表面会导致“闪光”径流，并为水生系统贡献物质和污染物。河岸植被等景观元素可以减轻洪水和过滤径流，但当转化为不透水的表面时，可能会加剧这些问题。在这里，我们将以我们制作的城市土地覆盖为基础，创建使用景观指标监测城市河流的方法。我们使用第一次ENGAGE的高空间分辨率图像来满足温哥华城市水生监测的需求。这些技术将为加拿大其他城市监测生态健康提供可转让的工具。

Metro Vancouver delivers core utility services such as drinking water and wastewater treatment to localgovernments as well as planning for growth and regional parks. The diversity of land cover types and scales inthe urban mosaic results in relatively high rates of mapping errors among urban and other land cover classes,which can be a problem for urban planning. Our original ENGAGE project involved a detailed investigation ofadvanced remote sensing technologies, specifically high spatial resolution RAPIDEYE as well as LightDetection and Ranging (LIDAR) to map urban land cover at extremely high spatial resolution (<5m), at a levelnever before available to MetroVancouver. Building on this, we wish to extend the research via ENGAGE Plusto investigates the use of RapidEye and LiDAR for monitoring aquatic systems in urban areas. Land use andland cover (LULC) changes in urban areas have fundamental impacts on stormwater runoff, contaminant flow,and urban stream health. Increasing impervious (paved) surfaces can result in "flashier" runoff and contributesediments and contaminants to aquatic systems. Landscape elements such as riparian vegetation can mitigateflooding and filter runoff, yet when converted to impervious surfaces, can exacerbate such problems. Here, wewill build on the urban land cover we produced to create approaches for monitoring urban streams usinglandscape indicators. We use the high spatial resolution imagery from our first ENGAGE to fill urban aquaticmonitoring needs in Vancouver. These techniques will provide transferable tools for other Canadian cities formonitoring ecological health.