Quantification of Total Organic Halogen in Water Treatment

人口增长、气候模式变化以及经济活动日益增长的需求正日益影响着包括河流、湖泊和地下水在内的天然水域的质量和数量。卡尔加里大学和ACWA(先进的加拿大废水资产)是全球唯一的全面实验废水和饮用水再利用研究机构，他们在水处理技术方面处于领先地位，以(1)去除废水中的顽固污染物；(2)最大限度地减少饮用水中未受管制的有毒副产品的形成；(3)通过废水回收增加水资源；以及(4)评估对接收水以及生物群和人类的生态和健康影响。为此，至关重要的是评估天然水和处理过的水作为一个整体的质量，包括已知和未知的化合物。总有机卤素(TOX)是水研究中的一个重要指标，它捕捉所有有机卤化物，包括持久性有机污染物和消毒副产物。此外，TOX还通过卤素类型来定量，即总有机氯(TOCl)、总有机溴(TOBr)和总有机碘(TOI)。TOCl、TOBr和TOI是非常有价值的水质参数，因为溴化和碘化有机化合物比氯化有机化合物毒性大得多。这些关键的综合措施可以评估水质，这将促进研究和推动新的水处理技术和生态监测工作的设计。这项RTI拨款提案要求获得资金以获得TOX仪器，该仪器将支持化学系、工程系和生物科学系的几个研究小组与水有关的研究。所要求的TOX仪器将是卡尔加里大学和艾伯塔省第一个可供研究的此类仪器。

Population growth, changing climate patterns, and increasing demands by economic activities are increasingly affecting the quality and quantity of natural waters including rivers, lakes and groundwater. The University of Calgary and ACWA (Advancing Canadian Wastewater Assets), a globally unique full-scale experimental wastewater and potable reuse research facility, are leading on water treatment technologies to (1) remove recalcitrant contaminants from wastewater; (2) minimize the formation of unregulated toxic byproducts in drinking water; (3) augment water resources through wastewater reclamation; and (4) evaluate ecological and health effects to receiving waters and in biota and humans. To this end, it is crucial to assess the quality of natural and treated waters as a whole mixture, including known and unknown compounds. Total organic halogen (TOX) is a critical measurement for water research that captures all the organic halogenated material including persistent organic pollutants and disinfection by-products. Furthermore, TOX is quantified by halogen type, that is, total organic chlorine (TOCl), total organic bromine (TOBr), and total organic iodine (TOI). TOCl, TOBr, and TOI are extremely valuable water quality parameters because brominated and iodinated organic compounds are much more toxic than chlorinated organic compounds. These key comprehensive measurements can assess water quality that will advance research and drive the design of new water treatment technologies and ecological monitoring efforts. This RTI grant proposal requests the funds to obtain the TOX instrument that will support water-related research of several research groups from the Departments of Chemistry, Engineering and Biological Sciences. The requested TOX instrument will be the first of its kind available for research at the University of Calgary and in the province of Alberta.