Agricultural and Organics waste to Value Added Bioproducts

农业和有机废物转化为增值生物产品

• 批准号: RGPIN-2016-05728
• 负责人: Acharya, Bishnu
• 金额: $ 2.04万
• 依托单位: University of Prince Edward Island
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=643410
• 关键词: Agricultural; Organics; waste; Value; Added

The transformation of agricultural waste to value added bioproducts for chemical, material, fuel and energy application creates an opportunity that fosters innovation, creates new jobs and increase competitiveness of Canada in global market. Canada, with more biomass resource per capita than any other country, offers a unique advantage to be a global leader in its development. This however requires continues innovation to be a frontrunner in the field. My proposed research is developed to meets above goals. The proposal is divided into two part: one to study the hydrothermal processing followed by activation for producing activated carbon fiber and another on syngas fermentation for producing bioplastics, each of which contribute towards bioproducts from agricultural and organic waste, thereby substituting petroleum based products and reducing greenhouse gas emission. For producing activated carbon fiber from agricultural waste, the focus will be on understanding the fundamental of hydrothermal and activation process. Some of the issues related to the proposed processes are: removal of inorganic content in biomass, designing system for different kind of feedstock, feeding feedstock into high-pressure reactor and energy integration for auto thermal operation. We will undertake an experimental and kinetic study of hydrothermal carbonization and activation process, examining the effect of temperature, pressure, residence time and medium. The kinetics would be then used to develop a novel continuous system. Further investigation into the continuous system will be done for optimization. The second part of the proposal focuses on utilizing the organic waste from the food processing industry for producing syngas and fermenting the syngas to produce bioplastics. Understanding the gasification of organic waste stream under super-critical gasification, effect of using calcium oxide for carbon dioxide capture and its effect on sorbent properties, developing system with efficient mass transfer between syngas and substrate during fermentation will be the focus of this study. Earlier work indicated that bacteria growth under fermentation condition and efficient mass transfer could be the bottlenecks. Experimental investigation would help to understand these phenomenons. Gas dispersion through hollow fiber membrane is proposed for efficient mass transfer. Besides mass transfer, cost of carbon source could effect the commercialization of the process. The use of waste stream as proposed in the research might address the cost issues. Each of the sub-projects will contribute to the training of highly qualified personnel.

将农业废弃物转化为用于化学、材料、燃料和能源应用的增值生物产品创造了一个机会，促进创新，创造新的就业机会，提高加拿大在全球市场的竞争力。加拿大人均生物质资源比任何其他国家都多，为成为其发展的全球领导者提供了独特的优势。然而，这需要不断创新，成为该领域的领跑者。我所提出的研究是为了满足上述目标而开发的。该提案分为两个部分：一个是研究水热处理，然后活化生产活性炭纤维，另一个是研究合成气发酵生产生物塑料，每一个都有助于从农业和有机废物中生产生物产品，从而替代石油产品并减少温室气体排放。对于利用农业废弃物生产活性炭纤维，重点将是了解水热和活化过程的基本原理。提出的一些相关的问题是：生物质中的无机物含量的去除，设计不同种类的原料，进料到高压反应器和自动热操作的能量集成系统。我们将进行水热碳化和活化过程的实验和动力学研究，考察温度、压力、停留时间和介质的影响。然后，动力学将用于开发一种新的连续系统。对连续系统作进一步的研究，以便进行优化。该提案的第二部分侧重于利用食品加工业的有机废物生产合成气，并发酵合成气生产生物塑料。了解有机废物在超临界气化下的气化，使用氧化钙捕集二氧化碳的效果及其对吸附剂性能的影响，开发在发酵过程中合成气和底物之间有效传质的系统将是本研究的重点。早期的研究表明，发酵条件下的细菌生长和有效的传质可能是瓶颈。实验研究将有助于理解这些现象。提出了通过中空纤维膜进行气体分散的有效传质方法。除传质外，碳源成本也是影响该工艺商业化的重要因素。研究中建议的废物流的使用可能会解决成本问题。每个次级项目都将有助于培训高素质的人员。